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Author (down) Kolosov A.M. url 
  Title Snow leopard, or irbis, – Felis uncia Schreb Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1961 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 89-90  
  Keywords Ussr; snow leopard; systematic position; life-history; distribution; number; preys.; 7200; Russian  
  Abstract It describes appearance, distribution and behavioral patterns of snow leopard in the USSR. The predator inhabits the mountains of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and the Altai and mainly feeds upon ungulates, and also snow-cocks, marmots, small birds, and rodents. Sometimes attacks sheep. Number of snow leopards is very low.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biology of commercial game animals in the USSR. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 698 Serial 547  
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Author (down) Kolosov A.M. url 
  Title The mountains of Central Asia Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1968 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 40-41  
  Keywords 7210; Russian  
  Abstract It provides description of main game animals in the USSR, considers a matter of rare species conservation, as well as keeping, breeding and feeding the species and enriching fauna by means of acclimatization. Snow leopard is indicated to inhabit the Tien-Shan Mountains along with species such as ibex, roe deer, moral, lynx, and others, and the mountains of Siberia along with argali, ibex, lynx, sable, glutton, etc.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Enrichment of game fauna in the USSR.Call Number: USSR/ game species/ distribution/ captive breeding/ conservation/ snow leopard. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 699 Serial 548  
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Author (down) Kolosov A.M. url 
  Title Genus Snow leopards Uncia Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 150-151  
  Keywords Ussr; snow leopard; systematic position; life-history; distribution; number; preys; practical use.; 7220; Russian  
  Abstract It provides description of appearance, distribution, behavioral patterns, and use of snow leopard in the USSR. The predator inhabits the mountains of Central Asia, east of the Amudarya river, along the ridges of Djungar Ala-Tau and Tarbagatai, South Altai, West and East Sayans. Its main food is ungulates, though it also preys on snow-cocks, marmots, small birds, and rodents. Sometimes attacks sheep. It has no enemy other than wolf; its diseases are not studied. Snow leopard is not dangerous for man. The fur-skin is used for making rugs and fur. Less than 1,000 animals are hunted globally. Before 1960, in the USSR less than 120 skins were annually purchased. Its total population is several thousand animals.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biology of game animals in the USSR. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 700 Serial 549  
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Author (down) Kolmstetter, C.; Munson, L.; Ramsay, E.C. url 
  Title Degenerative spinal disease in large felids Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication J Zoo Wildl Med Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 31 Issue 1 Pages 15-19  
  Keywords Age-Factors; Animal; Animals; zoo; Autopsy; veterinary; Carnivora; Female; Lions; Male; Age; factor; browse; 110  
  Abstract Degenerative spinal disorders, including intervertebral disc disease and spondylosis, seldom occur in domestic cats. In contrast, a retrospective study of 13 lions (Panthera leo), 16 tigers (Panthera tigris), 4 leopards (Panthera pardis), 1 snow leopard (Panthera uncia), and 3 jaguars (Panthera onca) from the Knoxville Zoo that died or were euthanatized from 1976 to 1996 indicated that degenerative spinal disease is an important problem in large nondomestic felids. The medical record, radiographic data, and the necropsy report of each animal were examined for evidence of intervertebral disc disease or spondylosis. Eight (three lions, four tigers, and one leopard) animals were diagnosed with degenerative spinal disease. Clinical signs included progressively decreased activity, moderate to severe rear limb muscle atrophy, chronic intermittent rear limb paresis, and ataxia. The age at onset of clinical signs was 10-19 yr (median = 18 yr). Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column was useful in assessing the severity of spinal lesions, and results were correlated with necropsy findings. Lesions were frequently multifocal, included intervertebral disc mineralization or herniation with collapsed intervertebral disc spaces, and were most common in the lumbar area but also involved cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Marked spondylosis was present in the cats with intervertebral disc disease, presumably subsequent to vertebral instability. Six of the animals' spinal cords were examined histologically, and five had acute or chronic damage to the spinal cord secondary to disc protrusion. Spinal disease should be suspected in geriatric large felids with decreased appetite or activity. Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column is the most useful method to assess the type and severity of spinal lesions.  
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  ISSN 1042-7260 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Document Type: eng Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 384 Serial 545  
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Author (down) Kolbintsev V.G. url 
  Title The role of the Aksu-Djabagly nature reserve in the vertebrate animals gene pool conservation Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Part 3. Issue Pages 254-256  
  Keywords Kazakhstan; Aksu-Jabagly nature reserve; gene pool; fauna; rare species; mammals; birds; snow leopard.; 7170; Russian  
  Abstract The Aksu-Djabagly nature reserve is a real guarantor for conservation of gene pool of five species Tien Shan bear, golden eagle, bearded vulture, Blue whistling thrush, and probably Central Asia stone marten. To strengthen the role of the nature reserve in the rare species conservation it is necessary to extend its area to a number of additional land plots belonging to forestries.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR future and present. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 695 Serial 543  
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Author (down) Kolbintsev V.G. url 
  Title Modern status of endangered vertebrates in Aksu Jabagly nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2001 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Vol.8. Issue Pages 139-140  
  Keywords Kazakhstan; Aksu Jabagly nature reserve; endangered vertebrates; number; snow leopard.; 7180; Russian  
  Abstract Data on number of several endangered vertebrates inhabiting in Aksu Jabagly nature reserve in 1990-2000 are given. Number of snow leopard is rather stable and evaluated as 2-3 pairs.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of W Tien Shan (Kazakhstan). Proceedings of Aksu Jabagly State nature reserve. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 696 Serial 544  
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Author (down) Koju. N. P, , Bashyal, B., Pandey, B. P., Shah, S. N., Thami, S. ,Bleisch, W. V. url 
  Title First camera-trap record of the snow leopard Panthera uncia in Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Nepal Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Oryx Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-4  
  Keywords Camera trap, corridor, Gaurishankar Conser- vation Area, Nepal, Panthera uncia, prey abundance, transboundary, snow leopard  
  Abstract The snow leopard Panthera uncia is the flagship species of the high mountains of the Himalayas. There is po- tentially continuous habitat for the snow leopard along the northern border of Nepal, but there is a gap in information about the snow leopard in Gaurishankar Conservation Area. Previous spatial analysis has suggested that the Lamabagar area in this Conservation Area could serve as a transbound- ary corridor for snow leopards, and that the area may con- nect local populations, creating a metapopulation. However, there has been no visual confirmation of the species in Lamabagar. We set !! infrared camera traps for " months in Lapchi Village of Gaurishankar Conservation Area, where blue sheep Pseudois nayaur, musk deer Moschus leucogaster and Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus, all snow leopard prey species, had been observed. In November #$!% at &,!$$ m, ' km south-west of Lapchi Village, one camera recorded three images of a snow leopard, the first photographic evidence of the species in the Conservation Area. Sixteen other species of mammals were also recorded. Camera-trap records and sightings indicated a high abun- dance of Himalayan tahr, blue sheep and musk deer. Lapchi Village may be a potentially important corridor for snow leopard movement between the east and west of Nepal and northwards to Quomolongma National Park in China. However, plans for development in the region present in- creasing threats to this corridor. We recommend develop- ment of a transboundary conservation strategy for snow leopard conservation in this region, with participation of Nepal, China and international agencies.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1622  
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Author (down) Koju, N. P., Gosai, K. R., Bashyal, B., Byanju, R., Shrestha, A., Buzzard, P., Beisch, W. B., Khanal, L. pdf 
  Title Seasonal Prey Abundance and Food Plasticity of the Vulnerable Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Lapchi Valley, Nepal Himalayas Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Animals Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue 3182 Pages 1-16  
  Keywords apex predator; flagship species; micro-histology; niche overlap; prey preference  
  Abstract Conservation strategies for apex predators, like the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), depend on a robust understanding of their dietary preferences, prey abundance, and adaptability to changing ecological conditions. To address these critical conservation concerns, this study presents a comprehensive evidence on prey availability and preferences for snow leopards in the Lapchi Valley in the Nepal Himalayas from November 2021 to March 2023. Field data were collected through the installation of twenty-six camera traps at 16 strategically chosen locations, resulting in the recording of 1228 events of 19 mammalian species, including domesticated livestock. Simultaneously, the collection of twenty snow leopard scat samples over 3800 m above sea level allowed for a detailed dietary analysis. Photo capture rate index and biomass composition analysis were carried out and seasonal prey availability and consumption were statistically analyzed. A total of 16 potential prey species for the snow leopard were documented during the study period. Himalayan musk deer (Moschus leucogaster) was the most abundant prey species, but infrequent in the diet suggesting that are not the best bet prey for the snow leopards. Snow leopards were found to exhibit a diverse diet, consuming eleven prey species, with blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) being their most consumed wild prey and horses as their preferred livestock. The Pianka’s index of dietary niche overlap between the summer and winter seasons were 0.576, suggesting a pronounced seasonal variation in food preference corroborating with the prey availability. The scarcity of larger preys in winter is compensated by small and meso-mammals in the diet, highlighting the snow leopard’s capacity for dietary plasticity in response to the variation in resource availability. This research suggests for the utilization of genetic tools to further explore snow leopard diet composition. Additionally, understanding transboundary movements and conducting population assessments will be imperative for the formulation of effective conservation strategies.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1733  
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Author (down) Koivisto, I.; Wahlberg, C.; Muuronnen, P. url 
  Title Breeding the snow leopard (Panthera Uncia) at the Helsinki Zoo 1967-1976 Type Journal Article
  Year 1977 Publication Int.Zoo Yearbook Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 17 Issue Pages 39-44  
  Keywords breeding; captivity; husbandry; zoos; zoo; mating; browse; 3650  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 36 Serial 541  
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Author (down) Koivisto, I. url 
  Title Preface Type Book Chapter
  Year 1978 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue Pages 1-2  
  Keywords captive; International; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo  
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  Publisher Helsinki Zoo Place of Publication Helsinki Editor Blomqvist, L.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1032 Serial 542  
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