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Author  |
Johansson, O., Samelius, G., Wikberg, E, Chapron, G., Mishra, C., Low, M | ||||
| Title | Identification errors in camera- trap studies result in systematic population overestimation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Scientific Reports | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 6393 | Pages | 1-10 |
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| Abstract | Reliable assessments of animal abundance are key for successful conservation of endangered species. For elusive animals with individually-unique markings, camera-trap surveys are a benchmark standard for estimating local and global population abundance. Central to the reliability of resulting abundance estimates is the assumption that individuals are accurately identified from photographic captures. To quantify the risk of individual misidentification and its impact on population abundance estimates we performed an experiment under controlled conditions in which 16 captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia) were camera-trapped on 40 occasions and eight observers independently identified individuals and recaptures. Observers misclassified 12.5% of all capture occasions, resulting in systematically inflated population abundance estimates on average by one third (mean ± SD = 35 ± 21%). Our results show that identifying individually-unique individuals from camera-trap photos may not be as reliable as previously believed, implying that elusive and endangered species could be less abundant than current estimates indicate. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1496 | ||
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| Author |
Johansson, O., Ullman, K., Lkhagvajav, P., Wiseman, M., Malmsten, J., Leijon, M. | ||||
| Title | Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viruses Present in Free-Ranging Snow Leopards Using Next-Generation Sequencing | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Frontiers in Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 645 | Pages | 1-9 |
| Keywords | snow leopard, free-ranging, virome, Mongolia, rectal swabs, next-generating sequencing, Panthera unica | ||||
| Abstract | Snow leopards inhabit the cold, arid environments of the high mountains of South and Central Asia. These living conditions likely affect the abundance and composition of microbes with the capacity to infect these animals. It is important to investigate the microbes that snow leopards are exposed to detect infectious disease threats and define a baseline for future changes that may impact the health of this endangered felid. In this work, next-generation sequencing is used to investigate the fecal (and in a few cases serum) virome of seven snow leopards from the Tost Mountains of Mongolia. The viral species to which the greatest number of sequences reads showed high similarity was rotavirus. Excluding one animal with overall very few sequence reads, four of six animals (67%) displayed evidence of rotavirus infection. A serum sample of a male and a rectal swab of a female snow leopard produced sequence reads identical or closely similar to felid herpesvirus 1, providing the first evidence that this virus infects snow leopards. In addition, the rectal swab from the same female also displayed sequence reads most similar to feline papillomavirus 2, which is the first evidence for this virus infecting snow leopards. The rectal swabs from all animals also showed evidence for the presence of small circular DNA viruses, predominantly Circular Rep-Encoding Single-Stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses and in one case feline anellovirus. Several of the viruses implicated in the present study could affect the health of snow leopards. In animals which are under environmental stress, for example, young dispersing individuals and lactating females, health issues may be exacerbated by latent virus infections. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1612 | |||
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| Author |
Johansson, Torbjorn, A. Johansson, Orjan. McCarthy, Tom | ||||
| Title | An Automatic VHF Transmitter Monitoring System for Wildlife Research | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Wildlife Society Bulletin | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 9999 | Issue | Pages | 1-5 | |
| Keywords | automatic system, monitoring, pulse detection, trap-site transmitter, VHF transmitter monitoring | ||||
| Abstract | We describe an automated system for monitoring multiple very high frequency (VHF) transmitters, which are commonly employed in wildlife studies. The system consists of a microprocessor-controlled radio-frequency monitor equipped with advanced signal-processing capabilities that communicates with, and relays information to, a user interface unit at a different location. the system was designed for a capture-and-release snow leopard (Panthera uncia) study in Mongolia, where checking trap-site transmitters manually entailed climbing a hill with telemetry equipment several times each day and night. Here, it monitors the trap-site transmitters and actively produces an alarm when any of the traps have been triggered, or if the system has lost contact with any trap-transmitter. The automated system allowed us to constantly monitor transmitters from a research camp, and alerted us each time a trap was triggered. The system has been field-tested for 83 days from mid-September 2010 to mid-december 2010 in the Tost mountain range on the edge of Mongolia's Gobi desert. During this time, the system performed reliably, responding correctly to 45 manually generated alarms and 9 animal captures. The system considerably shortens the time the captured animals spend in traps, and also mitigates the need for manual trap-site transmitter monitoring, greatly reducing risk to the animal and the human effort involved. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1379 | ||
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| Author |
Johansson, Torbjorn, A. Johansson, Orjan. McCarthy, Tom | ||||
| Title | An Automatic VHF Transmitter Monitoring System for Wildlife Research | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Wildlife Society Bulletin | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 35 | Issue | (4) | Pages | 489-493 |
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| Abstract | We describe an automated system for Monitoring multiple very high frequency (VHF) transmitters, which are commonly employed in wildlife studies. The system consists of a microprocessor-controlled radio-frequency monitor equipped with advanced signal-processing capabilities that communicates with, and release snow leopard (Panthera uncia) study in Mongolia, where checking trap-site transmitters manually entailed climbing a hill with telemetry equipment several times each day and night. Here, it monitors the trap site transmitters and actively produces an alarm when any of the traps have been triggered, or if the system has lost contact with any trap-transmitter. The automated system allowed us to constantly monitor transmitters from a research camp, and alerted us each time a trap was triggered. The sys ten has been field-tested for 83 days from mid-September 2010 to mid- December 2010 in the Tost mountain range on the edge of Mongolia's Gobi desert. During this time, the system performed reliably, responding correctly to 45 manually generated alarms and 9 animal captures. The system considerably sorters the time the captured animals spend in traps, and also mitigates the need for manual trap-site transmitter monitoring, greatly reducing risk to the animal and the human effort involved. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1382 | ||
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| Author |
Johnsingh, A.J.T. | ||||
| Title | A roadmap for conservation in Uttaranchal | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-13 | ||
| Keywords | carnivores, conservation, forest, habitat, hunting, landscape, Panthera uncia, poaching, snow leopard, species, tiger, Uncia uncia, ungulates, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal | ||||
| Abstract | The enchanting state of Uttaranchal, carved out of Uttar Pradesh on 9th November 2000, has a total area of ca. 53,485 km2 with a population density of 160 persons/ km2, much lower than the national average of 324/km2. This young state can take pride in the fact that 13.42% of its area is under protected areas. The state has varied landscapes: snow-capped and conifer forest covered mountains in the north, forest covered foothills with numerous perennial rivers and streams, locally known as the bhabar tract which includes the Himalayan foothills and the Shivalik range. As a result, the land is home to a variety of fascinating wildlife such as the golden mahseer (Tor putitora), king cobra (Ophiophagus hanna), Himalayan monal (Lophophorus impejanus), great hornbill (Buceros bicornis), Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus), bharal (Pseudois nayaur), Himalayan musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster), goral (Nemorhaedus goral), elephant (Elephas maximus), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), leopard (P. pardus), black bear (Ursus thibetanus), and tiger (P. tigris). All across their range, most of these species are endangered. The potential of this state, with about 800 kilometers of riverine habitat, can only be surpassed by Arunachal Pradesh in terms of golden mahseer conservation. The mountains, bedecked with the scarlet flowers of rhododendron (Rhododendron arboreum) in the summer months, can be a veritable home to many forms of pheasants, mountain ungulates and carnivores, provided poaching for trade is eliminated and hunting for the pot is brought under control. The bhabar forests of this state, ca. 7,500 km2, extending between Yamuna and Sharda rivers (Fig. 1.), can easily support a population of about 1000 elephants and 200 tigers as long as this large habitat, now fragmented in three blocks, is managed and protected as one continuous habitat for wildlife. Six villages, gujjar settlements and encroachments need to be moved away from the main wildlife habitat which goes along the bhabar tract. Although the conservation of these habitats can eventually bring in immense benefits through well-planned ecotourism programmes that are rapidly catching up in the state, initial conservation efforts would need a substantial amount of funds. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1121 | ||
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| Author |
Johnsingh, A.J.T. | ||||
| Title | Large Mammalian predator-prey in Bandipur | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1983 | Publication | J.Bombay Nat.Hist.Soc. | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 80 | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | India; predator; prey; browse; 3790 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 81 | Serial | 499 | ||
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| Author |
Johnson, D. | ||||
| Title | The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation goes international | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Endangered Species Update, A | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 10 | Pages | A10 |
| Keywords | Nfwf; India; asia; siberia; endangered-species; snow-leopard; managemnet; conservation; snow leopard; browse; endangered; species; 1150 | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract: The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) which is a conservation organization created in 1984 aims to conserve the species on an international context before they are endangered which will enable a more effective conservation procedure. The NFWF has addressed the causes of endangered species in India and South Asia such as the tiger, Indian wolf and the snow leopard and has supported the conservation efforts of the Siberian tiger. It has cooperated with multi-national organizations to evaluate the best strategy that could be adopted to prevent a future extinction of several species and has supported CITES programs | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 254 | Serial | 500 | ||
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| Author |
Johnson, W.E.; Dratch, P.A.; Martenson, J.S.; O'Brien, S.J. | ||||
| Title | Resolution of recent radiations within three evolutionary lineages of Felidae using mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism variation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of Mammalian Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 97-120 |
| Keywords | Evolution; Evolutionary-Lineages; Mitochondrial-Dna; Mitochondrial-Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphism-Variation; phylogeny; Recent-Radiations; Restriction-Enzymes; Tigrina; snow-leopard; browse; evolutionary; lineages; mitochondrial; Dna; restriction; fragment; length; polymorphism; variation; radiation; enzymes; recent; recent radiation; 1340 | ||||
| Abstract | Patterns of mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation were used to resolve more recent relationships among the species of the Felidae ocelot lineage, domestic cat lineage, and pantherine lineage. Twenty-five of 28 restriction enzymes revealed site variation in at least 1 of 21 cat species. The ocelot lineage was resolved into three separate sister taxa groups: Geoffroy's cat (Oncifelis geoffroyi) and kodkod (O. guigna), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (L. wiedii), and pampas cat (Lynchailurus colocolo) and most of the tigrina samples (Leopardus tigrina). Within the domestic cat lineage, domestic cat (Felis catus), European wild cat (F. silvestris), and African wild cat (F. libyca) formed a monophyletic trichotomy, which was joined with sand cat (F. margarita) to a common ancestor. Jungle cat (F. chaus) and black-footed cat (F. nigripes) mtDNAs diverged earlier than those of the other domestic cat lineage species and are less closely related. Within the pantherine lineage, phylogenetic analysis identified two distinct groups, uniting lion (P. leo) with leopard (P. pardus) and tiger (P. tigris) with snow leopard (P. uncia). | ||||
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| Notes | Document Type: English Call Number: QL708.5 J68 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 276 | Serial | 501 | ||
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| Author |
Johnson, W.E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W.J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E.; O'Brien, S.J. | ||||
| Title | The Late Miocene Radiation of Modern Felidae: A Genetic Assessment | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 311 | Issue | Pages | 74-77 | |
| Keywords | carnivore; classification; divergence; Dna; Felidae; fossil; lineages; Miocene; mitochondrial; Molecular; phylogeny; radiation; taxonomic | ||||
| Abstract | Modern felid species descend from relatively recent (G11 million years ago) divergence and speciation events that produced successful predatory carnivores worldwide but that have confounded taxonomic classifications. A highly resolved molecular phylogeny with divergence dates for all living cat species, derived from autosomal, X-linked, Y-linked, and mitochondrial gene segments (22,789 base pairs) and 16 fossil calibrations define eight principal lineages produced through at least 10 intercontinental migrations facilitated by sea-level fluctuations. A ghost lineage analysis indicates that available felid fossils underestimate (i.e., unrepresented basal branch length) first occurrence by an average of 76%, revealing a low representation of felid lineages in paleontological remains. The phylogenetic performance of distinct gene classes showed that Y-chromosome segments are appreciably more informative than mitochondrial DNA, X-linked, or autosomal genes in resolving the rapid Felidae species radiation. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 908 | Serial | 502 | ||
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| Author |
Johnston, L.A.; Armstrong, D.L.; Brown, J.L. | ||||
| Title | Seasonal effects on seminal and endocrine traits in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | J Reprod Fertil | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 102 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 229-236 |
| Keywords | Animal; Carnivora; physiology; Comparative; study; Fsh; Blood; Gonadotropins; Pituitary; Lh; Male; Seasons; Semen; Sperm; Motility; Spermatozoa; cytology; Testosterone; browse; 180 | ||||
| Abstract | The annual reproductive cycle of the male snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was characterized by evaluating seminal and endocrine traits monthly. Testicular volume was greatest (P < 0.05) during the winter months when the quality of ejaculate was optimal. Ejaculate volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate, sperm morphology and sperm motility index were lowest during the summer and autumn months compared with the winter and spring. Peripheral LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations were also lowest during the summer months, increasing during the autumn just before the increase in semen quality, and were maximal during the winter months. There was a direct relationship (P < 0.01) between: (1) testosterone and testicular volume, total sperm concentration ml-1, motile sperm concentration per ejaculate and ejaculate volume, and (2) LH and testicular volume and motile sperm concentration per ejaculate. In summary, although spermatozoa were recovered throughout the year, optimal gamete quality was observed during the winter and spring. Although previous studies in felids have demonstrated seasonal effects on either seminal or endocrine traits, this is the first study to demonstrate a distinct effect of season on both pituitary and testicular function. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0022-4251 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Document Type: eng | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 252 | Serial | 504 | ||
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