Records |
Author |
Gronberg, E. |
Title |
Movement patterns of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) around kills based on GPS location clusters |
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Report |
Year |
2011 |
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Keywords |
snow leopard, Panthera, Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, predator, prey, kill, behavior |
Abstract |
Research concerning movement patterns of wild animals has been advancing since GPS technology arrived. But studying the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is still difficult because of the harsh territory it inhabits in Central Asia. This study took place in south Gobi, Mongolia, and aimed to estimate the time spent at kills and the maximum distance away from kills between visits. Snow leopards were monitored with GPS collars that took a location every five or seven hours. Potential kill sites were established by identifying clusters of GPS-locations in ArcGIS and visited in the field for confirmation. ArcGIS was used to calculate the distance between cluster and GPS-locations. I used two buffer zones (100 m and 500 m radius) to define the time snow leopards spent at kills. It was found that snow leopard age and prey category affected time spent at kills and also that snow leopard sex together with prey category affected the maximum distance moved away from kills between visits. Season had no significant effect on either time at kills or distance moved away from kills between visits. Snow leopards spent on average 3.2 days at their kills in the 100 m buffer zone and 3.5 days at their kills in the 500 m buffer zone. Subadults stayed longer at kills than adults and animals of both age categories spent longer time on larger prey. The mean maximum distance moved away from kills between visits was 179 m in the 100 m buffer zone and 252 m in the 500 m buffer zone. Female snow leopards moved further away from kills between visits than male snow leopards. Both the number of days spent on kills and maximum distance moved away from kills between visits increased when kills consisted of more than one animal. This study has provided some basic information on snow leopard behaviors around their kills but also highlights the need to monitor more snow leopards before more solid conclusions can be drawn as this study was based on based on a relatively small sample. |
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Master's thesis |
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English |
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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1301 |
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Author |
Gromov I.M. |
Title |
Felis (Uncia) uncia Schreber (1776) leopard or irbis |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
Year |
1963 |
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Volume |
Part.2. |
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Pages |
890-892 |
Keywords |
Ussr; taxonomy; morphology; distribution; biology; value; snow leopard.; 6820; Russian |
Abstract |
An identification table for genus and species of mammals of USSR is given. The taxonomy, morphology, distribution and life history are described. The features of snow leopard Felis (Uncia) uncia, distribution, biology and practical value are described. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The mammals of USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 660 |
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356 |
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Author |
Gripenberg, U. |
Title |
Comparison of chromosome banding patterns in the snow leopard (Panthera uncial) and in other felids |
Type |
Unsupported: Serial (Book, Monograph) |
Year |
1982 |
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135-138 |
Keywords |
Banding; Chromosome; felids; International; patterns; pedigree; snow leopard |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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3 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 966 |
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353 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B.; Zhimbiev, B. |
Title |
Transboundary Protected Areas and Snow Leopard Conservation |
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Conference Article |
Year |
1997 |
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194-202 |
Keywords |
conservation; parks; park; reserve; refuge; snow-leopard; management; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; Pakistan; Nepal; India; Mongolia; Russia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; habitat; protected-area; kazakstan; snow leopard; browse; protected; area; 3000 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
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R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 312 |
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351 |
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Author |
Green, M.J.B. |
Title |
Protected areas and snow leopards: their distribution and status |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Tiger Paper |
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14 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1-10 |
Keywords |
Central Asia; conserve; conserving; distribution; endangered species; network; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; protected; protected-area; protected areas; snow leopard; status; protected area; protected-areas; areas; area; snow; snow leopards; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; symposium; India |
Abstract |
Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network. |
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Presented at 5th International Snow Leopard Symposium held in Srinagar, India, from 13-15 October 1986. Also published in conference proceedings. |
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no |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 965 |
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347 |
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Author |
Green, M. |
Title |
A check-list and some notes concerning the mammlas of the Langtang National Park, Nepal |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1981 |
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Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |
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78 |
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1 |
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77-87 |
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snow leopard, Langtang National Park, Nepal |
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English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1227 |
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Author |
Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M. |
Title |
Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Zoo Biology |
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14 |
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3 |
Pages |
223-237 |
Keywords |
Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390 |
Abstract |
An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations. |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 279 |
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345 |
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Author |
Grachev Yu.A. |
Title |
Snow leopard, or irbis Uncia uncia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1978 |
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Part 1. Vertebrate animals. |
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64-67 |
Keywords |
Kazakhstan; snow leopard; distribution; historical range; conservation.; 6790; Russian |
Abstract |
Snow leopard is rare and endangered species. At present it is met in Tien Shan and the spurs: in the ridges of Pskem, Ugam, Karjantau, Talas, Kyrgyz, Zailiyskiy, Ketmene, Kungei Alatau, Terskey Alatau, as well as Jungar Alatau, Tarbagatai, Saure, and Altai. In 19th century, snow leopard used to be met in the Karatau ridge (the Syrdarya ridge). Over the last two decades population of snow leopard reduced due to increased development of mountainous areas and reduction of wild animal populations (ibex, argali, morals, marmots, etc.). In Kazakhstan, snow leopard is protected in the Aksu-Djabagly and Alma-Ata nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of the Kazakh SSR. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 657 |
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341 |
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Author |
Grachev Yu.A. |
Title |
Snow leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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1996 |
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Vol.1.Animals. Part 1.Vertebrates. |
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246-247 |
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Kazakhstan; Red Data book; category of threat; distribution; number; conservation measure; captive breeding; snow leopard.; 6810; Russian |
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Status: rare (Category III). Distribution: Tien Shan mountains, Tarbagatai, Saur and Altai mountains. Total number in Kazakhstan does not exceed 200 individuals. The main threats are poaching and reduction number of preys. In Almaty Zoo captive breeding was successful in 1976 and 1985. Snow leopard is protected in Aksu Jabagly, Almaty and Markakol nature reserves. To ensure the survival of the species it is necessary to establish a reserve in Dzhungar mountains and to improve protection in existing nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The Red data book of Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 659 |
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343 |
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Author |
Government of India |
Title |
The snow leopard conservation scheme |
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1988 |
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1-29 |
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conservation; environment; government; India; snow leopard |
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Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India |
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SLN @ rana @ 945 |
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340 |
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