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Author  |
Freeman, H. | ||||
| Title | Snow leopard: a cooperative study between zoos | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1980 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 127-136 | |
| Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; study; zoos; zoo; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards | ||||
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| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1086 | Serial | 317 | ||
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| Author |
Gajurel, D. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopards Found in Nepal's Langtang National Park | Type | Unsupported: Electronic Citation | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Environment News Service | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Langtang; leopard; leopards; national; National-park; national park; Nepal; park; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; International | ||||
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| Publisher | Environment News Service | Place of Publication | Editor | Editor-in-Chief Sunny Lewis and Managing Editor Jim Crabtree | |
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| Notes | http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2006/2006-03-24-04.asp International daily newswire | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1059 | Serial | 329 | ||
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| Author |
Green, M.J.B. | ||||
| Title | Protected areas and snow leopards: their distribution and status | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1987 | Publication | Tiger Paper | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-10 |
| Keywords | Central Asia; conserve; conserving; distribution; endangered species; network; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; protected; protected-area; protected areas; snow leopard; status; protected area; protected-areas; areas; area; snow; snow leopards; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; symposium; India | ||||
| Abstract | Considerable efforts have been devoted to conserving the snow leopard Panthera uncia in recent years, but progress has inevitably been slow due to the difficulties of studying a sparsely distributed, secretive and endangered species in often isolated mountainous terrain. Although knowledge about the species overall distribution in the highlands of Central Asia still remains fragmenatry, it is important to briefly examine all the available information in order to review measures taken to date to conserve the species through the protected areas network. The purpose of this paper is to examine the distribution and status of protected areas inhabited or visited by snow leopard in relation to the species' distribution and highlight deficiences in the present network. | ||||
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| Notes | Presented at 5th International Snow Leopard Symposium held in Srinagar, India, from 13-15 October 1986. Also published in conference proceedings. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 965 | Serial | 347 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Izold, J. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopard Enterprise: a conservation project that saves an endangered species and supports needy families | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Anim.Keepers' Forum | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 359-364 |
| Keywords | snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; project; endangered; endangered species; endangered-species; species; Support; union; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; wild; Iucn; Animals; Animal; tiger; extinction; former; zoo; Freeman; trust; work; cat; community-based; projects; Sle; impact; poverty; community; Mongolia; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Pakistan; 300; economic; incentives; prey; sustainable; herding; number; territory; income; training; products; wool; local; local people; people; zoos; Woodland-Park-Zoo; park; zoological; ecosystem | ||||
| Abstract | The World Conservation Union listed the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as endangered in 1974. With as few as 3,500 snow leopards left in the wild, scientists placed the snow leopard on the IUCN Red List of critically endangered species shared by animals such as the giant panda and tiger. In an effort to save the snow leopard from extinction, former zoo employee Helen Freeman founded the Snow Leopard Trust in 1981. The Snow Leopard Trust works to save this elusive cat by incorporating community-based conservation projects. One of these project Leopard Enterprise (SLE), impacts poverty stricken communities in Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, and Pakistan. It assists over 300 families in its conservation efforts. The economic incentives provided via SLE have led participating communities not to harm the snow leopard or its prey, and to practice sustainable herding. Since the project began in 1997, the number of snow leopards harmed around the communities' territories has dropped to near zero. Additionally, the annual income of families that utilize the benefits of SLE has increased by 25% to 40%. SLE creates this economic benefit by providing the training and equipment necessary to make desirable products from the wool of herd animals. Snow Leopard Trust then purchases these handicraft items from the local people and them globally. Zoos can expand their conservation efforts by simply offering these items in their gift shops. Woodland Park Zoo (WPZ) was the first zoological institution to sell the products, and WPZ continues to generate revenue from them. SLE is a golden opportunity for zoos to increase revenue, assist poor families, and save an endangered species and fragile ecosystem. | ||||
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| Publisher | American Association of Zoo Keepers | Place of Publication | Topeka, Kansas | Editor | |
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| Notes | Author from Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH, USA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 976 | Serial | 425 | ||
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| Author |
Jack, R. | ||||
| Title | DNA Testing and GPS positioning of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) genetic material in the Khunjerab National Park Northern Areas, Pakistan | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-15 | ||
| Keywords | project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; Dna; Gps; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Khunjerab; Khunjerab-National-Park; national; national park; National-park; park; areas; area; Pakistan; protection; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; local; local people; people; information; number; range; Animals; Animal; study; distribution; management; professional; techniques; capture; use; field; country; China; border; work; art; Gis; Forest; manage; Wwf; maps; map; location; training; research; mountain | ||||
| Abstract | The protection of Snow Leopards in the remote and economically disadvantaged Northern Areas of Pakistan needs local people equipped with the skills to gather and present information on the number and range of individual animals in their area. It is important for the success of a conservation campaign that the people living in the area are engaged in the conservation process. Snow Leopards are elusive and range through inhospitable terrain so direct study is difficult. Consequently the major goals for this project were twofold, to gather information on snow leopard distribution in this area and to train local university students and conservation management professionals in the techniques used for locating snow leopards without the need to capture or even see the animals. This project pioneered the use of DNA testing of field samples collected in Pakistan to determine the distribution of snow leopards and to attempt to identify individuals. These were collected in and around that country's most northerly national park, the Kunjurab National Park, which sits on the Pakistan China border. Though the Northern Areas is not a well developed part of Pakistan, it does possess a number of institutions that can work together to strengthen snow leopard conservation. The first of these is a newly established University with students ready to be trained in the skills needed. Secondly WWF-Pakistan has an office in the main town and a state of the art GIS laboratory in Lahore and already works closely with the Forest Department who manage the national park. All three institutions worked together in this project with WWF providing GIS expertise, the FD rangers, and the university students carrying out the laboratory work. In addition in the course of the project the University of the Punjab in Lahore also joined the effort, providing laboratory facilities for the students. As a result of this project maps have been produced showing the location of snow leopards in two areas. Preliminary DNA evidence indicates that there is more than one animal in this relatively small area, but the greatest achievement of this project is the training and experience gained by the local students. For one student this has been life changing. Due to the opportunities provided by this study the student, Nelofar gained significant scientific training and as a consequence she is now working as a lecturer and research officer for the Center for Integrated Mountain Research, New Campus University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan |
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| Notes | Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1067 | Serial | 427 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Jackson, R. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopards, Local People and Livestock Losses: Finding solutions using Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action (APPA) in the Markha Valley of Hemis National Park, Ladakh, October 6-26, 1999 | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 31 | Issue | Autumn | Pages | 22-23 |
| Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; local; local people; people; livestock; loss; using; participatory; planning; action; valley; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; Ladakh | ||||
| Abstract | Livestock depredation is emerging as a significant issue across the Himalaya, including the Hemis National Park (HNP) in Ladakh. Some consider that this protected area harbors the best snow leopard population in India, but local herders perceive the endangered snow leopard as a serious threat to their livelihood. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1018 | Serial | 463 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. | ||||
| Title | Camera-Trapping of Snow Leopards | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 42 | Issue | Spring | Pages | 19-21 |
| Keywords | camera trapping; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; felids; tigers; tiger; techniques; surveys; survey; information; factor; marking; behavior; Ahlborn; Jackson; habitat; status; range; census; India; Hemis; High; national; national park; National-park; park; Ladakh; leh | ||||
| Abstract | Solitary felids like tigers and snow leopards are notoriously difficult to enumerate, and indirect techniques like pugmark surveys often produce ambiguous information that is difficult to interpret because many factors influence marking behavior and frequency (Ahlborn & Jackson 1988). Considering the snow leopard's rugged habitat, it is not surprising then that information on its current status and occupied range is very limited. We adapted the camera-trapping techniques pioneered by Ullas Karanth and his associates for counting Bengal tigers to the census taking of snow leopards in the Rumbak watershed of the India's Hemis High Altitude National Park (HNP), located in Ladakh near Leh (76ø 50' to 77ø 45' East; 33ø 15' to 34ø 20'North). | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1017 | Serial | 475 | ||
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Wangchuk, R. | ||||
| Title | A Community-Based Approach to Mitigating Livestock Depredation by Snow Leopards | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Human Dimensions of Wildlife | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | Pages | 307-315 | |
| Keywords | snow leopard,depredation,human-wildlife conflict,participatory planning,India; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; endangered; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Himalayan; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; attack; sheep; goats; goat; local; villagers; community-based; conservation; Hemis; national; national park; National-park; park; India; conflict; pens; income; participatory; strategy; planning; sense; project; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; protection; retaliatory; poaching | ||||
| Abstract | Livestock depredation by the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is an increasingly contentious issue in Himalayan villages, especially in or near protected areas. Mass attacks in which as many as 100 sheep and goats are killed in a single incident inevitably result in retaliation by local villagers. This article describes a community-based conservation initiative to address this problem in Hemis National Park, India. Human-wildlife conflict is alleviated by predator-proofing villagers' nighttime livestock pens and by enhancing household incomes in environmentally sensitive and culturally compatible ways. The authors have found that the highly participatory strategy described here (Appreciative Participatory Planning and Action-APPA) leads to a sense of project ownership by local stakeholders, communal empowerment, self-reliance, and willingness to co-exist with snow leopards. The most significant conservation outcome of this process is the protection from retaliatory poaching of up to five snow leopards for every village's livestock pens that are made predator-proof. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 890 | Serial | 471 | ||
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| Author |
Jiang, Z. | ||||
| Title | Snow leopards in the Dulan International Hunting Ground, Qinghai, China | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-8 | ||
| Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; hunting; Qinghai; China; project; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; surveys; survey; mountains; mountain; province; transect; study; area; transects; pug; pug marks; pug-marks; marks; scrapes; scrape; density; densities; wild; ungulates; ungulate; region; camera; environment; photo; capture; population; population size; population-size; Animals; Animal; 20; livestock; Human; attitudes; attitude; tibetan; 30; nature; reserve; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; species; snow line; snow-line; endemic; alpine; central; Central Asia; asia; countries; country; fox; range; areas; Xinjiang; inner; Inner-Mongolia; Mongolia; Tibet; gansu; Sichuan; habitat; protection; nature reserves; reserves; cat; populations; domestic; laws; law; field; field surveys; field survey; field-surveys; field-survey; Kunlun; distribution; survival; status; Data; conservation | ||||
| Abstract | From March to May, 2006œªwe conducted extensive snow leopard surveys in the Burhanbuda Mountain Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, China. 32 linear transect of 5~15 km each, which running through each vegetation type, were surveyed within the study area. A total of 72 traces of snow leopard were found along 4 transects (12.5% of total transects). The traces included pug marks or footprints, scrapes and urine marks. We estimated the average density of wild ungulates in the region was 2.88ñ0.35 individuals km-2(n=29). We emplaced 16 auto2 trigger cameras in different environments and eight photos of snow leopard were shot by four cameras and the capture rate of snow leopard was 71.4%. The minimum snow leopard population size in the Burhanbuda Mountain was two, because two snow leopards were phototrapped by different cameras at almost same time. Simultaneously, the cameras also shot 63 photos of other wild animals, including five photos are unidentified wild animals, and 20 photos of livestock. We evaluated the human attitudes towards snow leopard by interviewing with 27 Tibetan householders of 30 householders live in the study area. We propose to establish a nature reserve for protecting and managing snow leopards in the region. Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is considered as a unique species because it lives above the snow line, it is endemic to alpines in Central Asia, inhabiting in 12 countries across Central Asia (Fox, 1992). Snow leopard ranges in alpine areas in Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan in western China (Liao, 1985, 1986; Zhou, 1987; Ma et al., 2002; Jiang & Xu, 2006). The total population and habitat of snow leopards in China are estimated to be 2,000~2,500 individuals and 1,824,316 km2, only 5% of which is under the protection of nature reserves. The cat's current range is fragmented (Zou & Zheng, 2003). Due to strong human persecutions, populations of snow leopards decreased significantly since the end of the 20th century. Thus, the snow leopards are under the protection of international and domestic laws. From March to May, 2006, we conducted two field surveys in Zhiyu Village, Dulan County in Burhanbuda Mountain, Kunlun Mountains, China to determine the population, distribution and survival status of snow leopards in the area. The aim of the study was to provide ecologic data for snow leopard conservation. |
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| Notes | Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1068 | Serial | 493 | ||
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| Author |
Khatiwada, J.R.; Chalise, M.K.; Kyes, R. | ||||
| Title | Survey of Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) and Blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur) populations in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Nepal. Final report | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-13 | ||
| Keywords | survey; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; blue; blue sheep; blue-sheep; sheep; Pseudois; pseudois nayaur; Pseudois-nayaur; nayaur; populations; population; conservation; area; Nepal; Report; study; information; management; system; Slims; relative abundance; abundance; transects; transect; length; sign; scrapes; scrape; 20; feces; scent; pugmarks; hairs; Hair; using; livestock; livestock depredation; livestock-depredation; depredation; patterns; herders; herder; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Animals; Animal | ||||
| Abstract | This study was carried out in the Kangchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), Eastern Nepal from Feb – Nov 2007. We used the Snow Leopard Information Management System, SLIMS (second order survey technique) to determine the relative abundance of snow leopard in the upper part of KCA. Altogether, 36 transects (total length of 15.21 km) were laid down in the major three blocks of KCA. 104 Signs (77 scrapes, 20 feces, 2 Scent mark, 3 Pugmarks and 2 hairs) were recorded. Fixed-point count method was applied for blue sheep from appropriate vantage points. We counted total individual in each herd using 8x42 binocular and 15-60x spotting scope. A total of 43 herds and 1102 individuals were observed in the area. The standard SLIMS questionnaire was conducted to find out relevant information on livestock depredation patterns. Out of 35 households surveyed in KCA, 48% of herders lost livestock due to snow leopards. A total of 21 animals were reportedly lost due to snow leopards from August to September 2007. | ||||
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| Notes | Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1070 | Serial | 533 | ||
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| Author |
Kitchener, S.L.; Meritt; Rosenthal, M. | ||||
| Title | Observations on the breeding and husbandry of snow leopards, Panthera uncia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Int.Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | Pages | 212-217 | |
| Keywords | breeding; husbandry; behavior; captivity; zoos; zoo; browse; 3640; Adult; care; biology; growth; mortality; factor; young; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; program; park | ||||
| Abstract | Describes adult care and breeding biology, and the care, growth, and mortality factors of young snow leopards in a successful breeding program in the Lincon Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 31 | Serial | 535 | ||
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| Author |
Kyes, R.; Chalise, M.K. | ||||
| Title | Assessing the Status of the Snow Leopard Population in Langtang National Park, Nepal | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-22 | ||
| Keywords | status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; population; Langtang; national; national park; National-park; park; Nepal; project; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; biodiversity; research; study; Support; Islt; approach; Data; conservation; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; survey; distribution; abundance; prey; prey species; prey-species; species; populations; programs; local; sign; pugmarks; scats; scat; primary; Himalayan; areas; area; Response; Pressure; domestic; domestic livestock; livestock; grazing | ||||
| Abstract | This project is part of an ongoing snow leopard study established in 2003 with support from the ISLT. The study involves a multifaceted approach designed to provide important baseline data on the status of the snow leopard population in Langtang National Park (LNP), Nepal and to generate long-term support and commitment to the conservation of snow leopards in the park. The specific aims include: 1) conducting a population survey of the snow leopards in LNP, focusing on distribution and abundance; 2) assessing the status of prey species populations in the park; and 3) providing educational outreach programs on snow leopard conservation for local school children (K-8) living in the park. During the 2004 study period, snow leopard signs were observed (including pugmarks and scats) although somewhat fewer than in 2003. Similarly, the average herd size of the snow leopards' primary prey species in LNP (the Himalayan thar) was a bit lower than in 2003. There is speculation that the thar populations and the snow leopards may be moving to more remotes areas of the park perhaps in response to increasing pressure from domestic livestock grazing. This possibility is being addressed during the 2005 study period. | ||||
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| Notes | Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program, 2004. University of Washington and Nepal Biodiversity Research Society/Tribhuvan University. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1072 | Serial | 607 | ||
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| Author |
MaMing, R . Feng, Xu. Yun, Cheng et al. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopards in Xinjiang | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Science Press | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-588 | ||
| Keywords | Snow Leopards, China | ||||
| Abstract | The snow leopard Uncia uncia is a globally endangered species, occurring in China and 11 neighboring countries, with a total population of 3500-7000 individuals. China is very important for Snow Leopards, as it contains both the more than half of the distribution area and the largest remaining population. However, like other big cats, the density is very low, perhaps less than 1 individual per 100 square kilometers in the western mountains of China. This book first reviewed ten years of research by Xinjiang Snow Leopard Team (XSLT), and it contains over 300 figures including maps, illustrations, pictures and photos, 46 tables as well as more than a thousand references and 1100 key words in the index. In the past ten years, XSLT has received much support and funding from the Snow Leopard Trust (SLT) and the Xinjiang Conservation Fund (XCF). In this regard, the Chinese government has not yet given one cent to support the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Project. Our situation is very difficult indeed, and it is hoped that this book will inspire future government support. There are many topics discussed in this work including a decade of successes or failures with the Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS from 2002 to 2012). The authors also present findings from every International Snow Leopard Conference (1978-2008), the stories of 14 experts, the big events of conservation and research (1776-2012), and many questions for future research in the appendix. This is the first work about snow leopards in China. It is a popular scientific book that covers snow leopard monitoring, research, conservation and management, and it could also be very helpful to nature reserve staff and scientists as well as students, teachers, outdoor explorers, volunteers and cat lovers. The book contains the following: preface, table of contents (in English), and chapters on the ancient records of snow leopards; their place in the family of big cats; research methods and field logs for snow leopards; their population size and distribution in China; biological knowledge, conservation and management of snow leopards; their presence in zoos; Nature Reserves in Xinjiang, the experiences of snow leopard conservation in other countries; appendix; index; and afterword (ISBN 978-7-03-036723-5, the book was published in March 2013 with total of 616 pages and approximately 0.77 million Chinese words, price: RMB 145.00 Yuan). |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1390 | ||
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| Author |
Maming, R. | ||||
| Title | Market prices for the tissues and organs of snow leopards in China | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Selevinia | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | 20 | Pages | 119-122 | |
| Keywords | trade; cases; products; prices; bazaars; snow leopards; extinction; Xinjiang | ||||
| Abstract | The population of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) is plummeting as waterfall in the last ten years. The illegal trade of snow leopard products is one of the fatal factors. The biggest range and the biggest population of snow leopard both are in China, and the largest trade is also in the country. Through questionnaires and investigation with informants from 2002 to 2012, a lot of data were collected through variety ways in different regions. In this paper 387 cases of snow leopard poaching including smuggling routes, product list, price system and product usages from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were collected for analysis and discussion. In the face of rapid development in the west of China, the results showed that our government did not try to protect the snow leopards, and the text of law was practically useless. International organizations such as WWF, WCS, IUCN, PANTHERA, SLT & SLN with SLSS were also powerless and helpless to stop snow leopard poaching and trading. As a result, the fate of the snow leopard is very bad, and this is worrying. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1395 | ||
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| Author |
Marma, B.B.; Yunchis, V.V. | ||||
| Title | Observations on the breeding, management and physiology of Snow leopards (Panthera u. uncia) at Kaunas Zoo from 1962 to 1967 | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1968 | Publication | Canids and Felids in Captivity | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 66-73 | ||
| Keywords | observations; breeding; management; physiology; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; panthera; uncia; zoo; felids; captivity | ||||
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| Publisher | Zoological Society of London | Place of Publication | Editor | Jarvis, C.; Biegler, R. | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1004 | Serial | 649 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
McCarthy, T.; Khan, J.; Ud-Din, J.; McCarthy, K. | ||||
| Title | First study of snow leopards using GPS-satellite collars underway in Pakistan | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 46 | Issue | Spring | Pages | 22-23 |
| Keywords | study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; using; collars; collar; Pakistan; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; habitat; Cats; cat; sound; knowledge; ecology; behavior; conserve; information; radio; radio collars; radio collar; radio-collars; radio-collar; Nepal; 1980; Mongolia; 1990; Gps; Report; Data; Satellite | ||||
| Abstract | Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) are highly cryptic and occupy remote inaccessible habitat, making studying the cats difficult in the extreme. Yet sound knowledge of the cat's ecology, behavior and habitat needs is required to intelligently conserve them. This information is lacking for snow leopards, and until recently so was the means to fill that knowledge gap. Two long-term studies of snow leopards using VHF radio collars have been undertaken in Nepal (1980s) and Mongolia (1990s) but logistical and technological constraints made the findings of both studies equivocal. Technological advances in the interim, such as GPS collars which report data via satellite, make studies of snow leopards more promising, at least in theory. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1009 | Serial | 666 | ||
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| Author |
Meiers, S.T. | ||||
| Title | Habitat use by captive puma (Felis concolor) and snow leopards (Pathera uncia) at the Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-74 | ||
| Keywords | habitat; habitat use; use; captive; felis; Felis-concolor; concolor; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; park; zoo; 1990; observations; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; zoological; zoological gardens; zoological-gardens; gardens; behavior; species; Time budget; dens; Identity; Animals; Animal; non; Cats; cat; location; relief | ||||
| Abstract | Between May 1990 and January 1991, behavioral observations were made of two captive pumas (Felis concolor Linnaeus), and two captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber) in their outdoor exhibits at the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, Chicago, Illinois. Behaviors compared within and between species included: 1) time spend in the different habitat types; 2) time budgets for the different behaviors: laying, moving, sitting, standing, crouching, in the tree, drinking, urinating, defecating, within their inside dens, and “behavior not determined” when the identity or behavior of the individuals could not be determined; and 3) mobility of the animals within their exhibits. Also examined were: 4) preferences for different habitat types; 5) recommendations for future exhibit designs. Both species located themselves within their exhibits in a non-random manner. The majority of cats' time was spent in elevated locations (i.e., gunite ledges approximately 1-5.5 m above ground-level). Snow leopards exhibited this tendency to a greater extent than did the pumas. Both species also spent the majority of their time in the lying-down behavior; again snow leopards displayed this tendency significantly more than the pumas. Pumas were highly mobile and changed locations and behaviors in their exhibit significantly more than the snow leopards. No significant differences were noted between conspecifics in regard to habitat type preference, or mobility within the exhibit. Suggestions for future exhibit design include elevated locations for the cats to lay and look around within and outside their exhibits, caves for access to shade or relief from inclement weather, and ground surfaces to move about on. Features for exhibit design should take into consideration the natural habitat of the cat to occupy the exhibit. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | DePaul University | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Master of Science at DePaul University. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1008 | Serial | 673 | ||
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| Author |
Ming, M. | ||||
| Title | A diary of infrared photography | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Man & the Biosphere | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 54 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 26-35 |
| Keywords | photography; us; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Tianshan Mountains; mountains; mountain; work; field; field survey; field-survey; survey; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Kunlun; Chinese | ||||
| Abstract | The vivid and interesting stories recorded by the diary which is written by the professor Ma Ming tell us specific details of surveying Snow Leopard in the Tianshan Mountains. The members of the team overcame all kinds of difficulties and dangers with persistent enthusiasm for this work, finally, satisfactorily finishing the field survey. Recently, Ma Ming just has accomplished the preliminary investigation of snow leopards in Kunlun Mountains. If you want to share the experience of the surveying, please read this diary (http://maming3211.blog.163.com). http://space.tv.cctv.com/act/video.jsp?videoId=VIDE1230446448556286 http://maming3211.blog.163.com/blog/static/109271612008112681931339/ |
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| Notes | In Chinese | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 980 | Serial | 686 | ||
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| Author |
Ming, M. | ||||
| Title | Study on Snow Leopards in Xinjiang (Training Guide) | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-25 | ||
| Keywords | 5360; study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; Xinjiang | ||||
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| Notes | Training Guide supported by ISLT and XCF. In Chinese. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 381 | Serial | 680 | ||
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| Author |
Ming, M. Feng, Xu. Yun, Cheng et al. | ||||
| Title | Snow Leopards in Xinjiang | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Science Press | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-588 | ||
| Keywords | Snow Leopards, China | ||||
| Abstract | The snow leopard Uncia uncia is a globally endangered species, occurring in China and 11 neighboring countries, with a total population of 3500-7000 individuals. China is very important for Snow Leopards, as it contains both the more than half of the distribution area and the largest remaining population. However, like other big cats, the density is very low, perhaps less than 1 individual per 100 square kilometers in the western mountains of China. This book first reviewed ten years of research by Xinjiang Snow Leopard Team (XSLT), and it contains over 300 figures including maps, illustrations, pictures and photos, 46 tables as well as more than a thousand references and 1100 key words in the index. In the past ten years, XSLT has received much support and funding from the Snow Leopard Trust (SLT) and the Xinjiang Conservation Fund (XCF). In this regard, the Chinese government has not yet given one cent to support the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Project. Our situation is very difficult indeed, and it is hoped that this book will inspire future government support. There are many topics discussed in this work including a decade of successes or failures with the Snow Leopard Survival Strategy (SLSS from 2002 to 2012). The authors also present findings from every International Snow Leopard Conference (1978-2008), the stories of 14 experts, the big events of conservation and research (1776-2012), and many questions for future research in the appendix. This is the first work about snow leopards in China. It is a popular scientific book that covers snow leopard monitoring, research, conservation and management, and it could also be very helpful to nature reserve staff and scientists as well as students, teachers, outdoor explorers, volunteers and cat lovers. The book contains the following: preface, table of contents (in English), and chapters on the ancient records of snow leopards; their place in the family of big cats; research methods and field logs for snow leopards; their population size and distribution in China; biological knowledge, conservation and management of snow leopards; their presence in zoos; Nature Reserves in Xinjiang, the experiences of snow leopard conservation in other countries; appendix; index; and afterword (ISBN 978-7-03-036723-5, the book was published in March 2013 with total of 616 pages and approximately 0.77 million Chinese words, price: RMB 145.00 Yuan). |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1391 | ||
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| Author |
Ming, M.; Munkhtsog, B.; Xu, F.; Turghan, M.; Yin, S.-jing; Wei, S.-D. | ||||
| Title | Markings as Indicator of Snow Leopard in Field Survey, in Xinjiang | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Chinese Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 34-39 | ||
| Keywords | markings; marking; snow leopard; leopard; field survey; Xinjiang; Chinese; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; China; Tianshan Mountains; conservation; field work; length; snow leopards; snow-leopards; density; densities; pug; pug marks; marks; scrapes; scrape; feces; scent; spray; Hair; fur; prey; habitat; Habitat selection; selection; distribution; region; relative abundance; abundance; study; areas; knowledge; potential; conservation problems; Human; attitudes; attitude; 200 | ||||
| Abstract | The Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia) was a very rare species in China. The survey on the markings of Snow Leopard in Ahay and Tianshan Mountains is the major activity of the Project of Snow Leopard in Xinjiang, supported by International Snow Leopard Trust(ISLT)and Xinjiang Conservation Fund(XCF). During the field work from Sep to Nov 2004 the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Group(XSLG) set 67 transects of a total length of 47 776 m with mean transect length is 7 1 3 m at 9 locations.Total of 1 l 8 markings of Snow Leopards were found in 27 transects the mean density is 247km. The markings of Snow Leopard included the pug marks or footprints, scrapes, feces, bloodstain, scent spray, urine, hair or fur, claw rake, remains of prey corpse, sleep site, roar and others. From the quantity and locations of marks the XSLG got the information on habitat selection distribution region and relative abundance of the Snow Leopard in the study areas. The survey also provided knowledge on distribution and abundance of major prey potential conservation problems and human attitudes to Snow Leopards by taking 200 questionnaires in the study areas. | ||||
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| Notes | Full text available in Chinese | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 875 | Serial | 681 | ||
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| Author |
Ming, M.; Yun, G.; Bo, W. | ||||
| Title | Chinese snow leopard team goes into action | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Man & the Biosphere | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 54 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 18-25 |
| Keywords | Chinese; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; action; China; country; countries; number; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; survey; research; recent; Xinjiang; ecology; tracking; Animal; field; Kunlun; camera; capture; Animals; survival | ||||
| Abstract | China, the world's most populous country, also contains the largest number of Snow Leopards of any country in the world. But the survey and research of the snow leopard had been very little for the second half of the 20th century. Until recent years, the members of Xinjiang Snow Leopards Group (XSLG/SLT/XFC) , the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences have been tracking down the solitary animal. The journal reporter does a face-to-face interview with professor Ma Ming who is a main responsible expert of the survey team. By the account of such conversation, we learn the achievements, advances and difficulty of research of snow leopards in the field, Tianshan and Kunlun, Xinjiang, the far west China, and we also know that why the team adopt the infrared camera to capture the animals. Last but not least professor talked about the survival menace faced by the Snow Leopards in Xinjiang. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | China | Editor | ||
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| Notes | In Chinese; Edited by this magazine <Man & the Biosphere> | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 978 | Serial | 685 | ||
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| Author |
Ming, M.; Yun, G.; Bo, W. | ||||
| Title | Man & the Biosphere: The special series for the conservation of Snow Leopards in China | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Man & the Biosphere | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 54 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1-80 |
| Keywords | conservation; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; China; Chinese; national; 80; 200; endangered; McCarthy; awareness; action; surveys; survey; Tomur; mountain; Kunlun; mountains; Xinjiang; ecology; enterprises; Mongolia; Bayarjargal; 180; flagship-species; species; ecosystems; ecosystem; photography; Tianshan Mountains; attack; livestock; home; plateau; 30; snow-leopard-enterprises; 7080 | ||||
| Abstract | The Chinese magazine <Man & the Biosphere> (Series No. 54, No. 6, 2008) -- A special series for the conservation of Snow Leopards was published by the Chinese National Committee for Man & the Biosphere in 15th December 2008. It is about 80 pages including ten articles with 200 color pictures. The special editors of this issue are the experts from SLT/XCF Prof. MaMing, Mrs. Ge Yun and Mr. Wen Bo. The first paper is “A King of Snow Peaks, Another Endangered Flagship Species” by Dr. Thomas McCarthy, Dr. Urs Breitenmmoser and Dr. Christine Breitenmoser-Wursten (Page 1-1). Another paper “ Conservation : Turning Awareness to Action ” is also from Dr. Thomas McCarthy (Pages from 6-17). There are four articles including the diary and story of the Surveys in Tomur Mountain and Kunlun Mountains written by Prof. MaMing, Mr. XuFeng, Miss Chen Ying and Miss Cheng Yun from the Xinjiang Snow Leopard Group and XCF, the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The last is “Snow Leopard Enterprises ” -- A Story from Mongolia by Mrs. Jennifer Snell Rullman and Mrs. Agvaantseren Bayarjargal (Bayara). It is a very useful copy for the conservation in China. Cited as: Ma Ming, GeYun and WenBo (Special editors of this issue). 2008. The special series for the conservation of Snow Leopards in China. Man & the Biosphere 2008(6): 1-80. Contents 1, A king of snow peaks, another endangered flagship species (Synopsis) ------------- 1-1 The contents --------------------------------------------- ( pages from 2-3 ) 2, Protecting Snow Leopard means protecting a healthy eco-systems -------------- 4-5 3, Conservation: Turning awareness into action -------------- 6-17 4, Chinese Snow Leopard Team goes into action -------------- 18-25 5, A diary of infrared photography -------------- 26-35 6, Why have the snow leopards in the Tianshan Mountains begun to attack livestock? --- 36-43 7, The mystery of the Snow Leopards coming down the Tianshan Mountains ----------- 44-45 8, Snow leopards secluded Home on the Plateau ------------- 46-59 9, He saw Snow Leopards 30 years ago ------------- 60-69 10, Snow Leopard Enterprises -- A story from Mongolia ------------- 70-80 |
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| Notes | Articles are posted individually in the bibliography. Please look up articles by author. In Chinese. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 977 | Serial | 684 | ||
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| Author |
Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association | ||||
| Title | Mongolian Biosphere & Ecology Association Report March 2010 | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | nature; tourism; surveys; survey; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; attack; domestic; Animals; Animal; illegal; illegal hunting; hunting; territory; province; 2010; hunt; 1990; movements; movement; pasture; desert; number; species; birds; river; mountain; hunters; hunter; recent; government; structure; management; national; central; people; Report; gobi; Gobi Desert; reproduction; Adult; meat; food; ibex; wild; wild sheep; sheep; marmot; nutrition; schools; population; use; local; big; big game; big-game; game; 310; mountains; wolves; wolf; Seasons; times; zones; global; Mongolia; 40; history; ecology | ||||
| Abstract | In accordance with order of the Ministry of Nature and Tourism, zoologists of our association have made surveys in three ways such as reasons why snow leopards attack domestic animals, “Snow leopard” trial operation to count them and illegal hunting in territories of Khovd, Gobi-Altai, Bayankhongor, Uvurkhangai and Umnugobi provinces from September 2009 to January 2010. As result of these surveys it has made the following conclusions in the followings: Reason to hunt them illegally: the principal reason is that administrative units have been increased and territories of administrative units have been diminished. There have been four provinces in 1924 to 1926, 18 since 1965, 21 since 1990. Such situation limits movements of herdsmen completely and pastures digressed much than ever before. As result of such situation, 70% of pastures become desert. Such digression caused not only heads of animals and also number of species. Guarantee is that birds such as owls, cuckoo, willow grouse in banks of Uyert river, Burkhanbuudai mountain, located in Biger soum, Gobi-Altai province, which are not hunted by hunters, are disappearing in the recent two decades. For that reason we consider it is urgently necessary for the government to convert administrative unit structures into four provinces. This would influence herdsmen moving across hundreds km and pastures could depart from digression. Second reason: cooperative movement won. The issues related to management and strengthening of national cooperatives, considered by Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party in the meeting in March 1953 was the start of cooperatives' movement. Consideration by Yu. Tsedenbal, chairman of Ministers Council, chairman of the MPRP, on report “Result of to unify popular units and some important issues to maintain entity management of agricultural cooperatives” in the fourth meeting by the Central Committee of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party /MPRP/ on December 16-17, 1959, proclaimed complete victory of cooperative. At the end of 1959, it could unify 767 small cooperative into 389 ones, unify 99.3 % of herdsmen and socialize 73.3 % of animals. The remaining of animals amount 6 million 163 thousands animals, and equals to 26.7% of total animals. This concerned number of animals related to the article mentioned that every family should have not more that 50 animals in Khangai zone and not more 75 animals in Gobi desert. It shows that such number could not satisfy needs of family if such number is divided into five main animals in separating with reproduction animals and adult animals. So herdsmen started hunt hoofed animals secretly and illegally in order to satisfy their meat needs. Those animals included main food of snow leopard such as ibex, wild sheep, and marmot. Third reason is that the state used to hunt ibex, which are main nutrition of snow leopards, every year. The administrative unit of the soum pursued policy to hunt ibex in order to provide meat needs of secondary schools and hospitals. That's why this affected decrease of ibex population. Preciously from 1986 to 1990 the permissions to hunt one thousands of wild sheep and two thousands of ibexes were hunt for domestic alimentary use every year. Not less than 10 local hunters of every soum used to take part in big game of ibexes. Also they hunted many ibexes, chose 3-10 best ibexes and hid them in the mountains for their consummation during hunting. Fourth reason: hunting of wolves. Until 1990 the state used to give prizes to hunter, who killed a wolf in any seasons of the year. Firstly it offered a sheep for the wolf hunter and later it gave 25 tugrugs /15 USD/. Every year, wolf hunting was organized several times especially picking wolf-cubs influenced spread and population of wolves. So snow leopard came to the places where wolves survived before and attack domestic animals. Such situation continued until 1990. Now population of ibexes has decreased than before 1990 since the state stopped hunting wolves, population of wolves increased in mountainous zones. We didn't consider it had been right since it was natural event. However population of ibexes decreased. Fifth reason: Global warming. In recent five years it has had a drought and natural disaster from excessive snow in the places where it has never had such natural disasters before. But Mongolia has 40 million heads of domestic animals it has never increased like such quantity in its history before. We consider it is not incorrect that decrease of domestic animals could give opportunities to raise population of wild animals. Our next survey is to make attempt to fix heads of snow leopards correctly with low costs. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1100 | Serial | 705 | ||
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| Author |
Myroniuk, P. | ||||
| Title | Snow leopards down under | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 25-25 | |
| Keywords | snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; International; pedigree | ||||
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| Publisher | Helsinki Zoo | Place of Publication | Helsinki | Editor | Blomqvist, L. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1088 | Serial | 709 | ||
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