| Records |
Author  |
Naumov S.P. |
| Title |
The cats – Felidae. Mountain regions of USSR |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1948 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
59-61 |
| Keywords |
Ussr; Felidae; taxonomy; distribution; snow leopard.; 7740 |
| Abstract |
Description of Felidae family species (Tigris tigris, Leopardus (Pardus) pardus and Unci uncia) is given. In USSR snow leopard inhabited in mountain ridges of Middle Asia and Altai. |
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| Notes |
1950Journal Title: Biology of game animals and birds of USSR. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 752 |
Serial |
719 |
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| Author |
Nawaz, M. A., Khan, B. U., Mahmood, A., Younas, M., Din, J. U, Sutherland, C. |
| Title |
An empirical demonstration of the effect of study design on density estimations |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
13104 |
Pages |
1-9 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The simultaneous development of technology (e.g. camera traps) and statistical methods, particularly spatially capture–recapture (SCR), has improved monitoring of large mammals in recent years. SCR estimates are known to be sensitive to sampling design, yet existing recommendations about trap spacing and coverage are often not achieved, particularly for sampling wide-ranging and rare species in landscapes that allow for limited accessibility. Consequently, most camera trap studies on large wide-ranging carnivores relies on convenience or judgmental sampling, and often yields compromised results. This study attempts to highlight the importance of carefully considered sampling design for large carnivores that, because of low densities and elusive behavior, are challenging to monitor. As a motivating example, we use two years of snow leopard camera trapping data from the same areas in the high mountains of Pakistan but with vastly different camera configurations, to demonstrate that estimates of density and space use are indeed sensitive to the trapping array. A compact design, one in which cameras were placed much closer together than generally recommended and therefore have lower spatial coverage, resulted in fewer individuals observed, but more recaptures, and estimates of density and space use were inconsistent with expectations for the region. In contrast, a diffuse design, one with larger spacing and spatial coverage and more consistent with general recommendations, detected more individuals, had fewer recaptures, but generated estimates of density and space use that were in line with expectations. Researchers often opt for compact camera configurations while monitoring wide-ranging and rare species, in an attempt to maximize the encounter probabilities. We empirically demonstrate the potential for biases when sampling a small area approximately the size of a single home range—this arises from exposing fewer individuals than deemed sufficient for estimation. The smaller trapping array may also underestimate density by significantly inflating ?. On the other hand, larger trapping array with fewer detectors and poor design induces uncertainties in the estimates. We conclude that existing design recommendations have limited utility on practical grounds for devising feasible sampling designs for large ranging species, and more research on SCR designs is required that allows for integrating biological and habitat traits of large carnivores in sampling framework. We also suggest that caution should be exercised when there is a reliance on convenience sampling. |
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no |
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Serial |
1642 |
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| Author |
Nawaz, M. A., Khan, B. U., Mahmood, A., Younas, M., Din, J. U, Sutherland, C. |
| Title |
An empirical demonstration of the effect of study design on density estimations |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
13104 |
Pages |
1-9 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The simultaneous development of technology (e.g. camera traps) and statistical methods, particularly spatially capture–recapture (SCR), has improved monitoring of large mammals in recent years. SCR estimates are known to be sensitive to sampling design, yet existing recommendations about trap spacing and coverage are often not achieved, particularly for sampling wide-ranging and rare species in landscapes that allow for limited accessibility. Consequently, most camera trap studies on large wide-ranging carnivores relies on convenience or judgmental sampling, and often yields compromised results. This study attempts to highlight the importance of carefully considered sampling design for large carnivores that, because of low densities and elusive behavior, are challenging to monitor. As a motivating example, we use two years of snow leopard camera trapping data from the same areas in the high mountains of Pakistan but with vastly different camera configurations, to demonstrate that estimates of density and space use are indeed sensitive to the trapping array. A compact design, one in which cameras were placed much closer together than generally recommended and therefore have lower spatial coverage, resulted in fewer individuals observed, but more recaptures, and estimates of density and space use were inconsistent with expectations for the region. In contrast, a diffuse design, one with larger spacing and spatial coverage and more consistent with general recommendations, detected more individuals, had fewer recaptures, but generated estimates of density and space use that were in line with expectations. Researchers often opt for compact camera configurations while monitoring wide-ranging and rare species, in an attempt to maximize the encounter probabilities. We empirically demonstrate the potential for biases when sampling a small area approximately the size of a single home range—this arises from exposing fewer individuals than deemed sufficient for estimation. The smaller trapping array may also underestimate density by significantly inflating |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLT @ jeffb @ |
Serial |
1652 |
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| Author |
Nepali, R. |
| Title |
Pasang and the Sheep Theif |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
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Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-15 |
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| Abstract |
Children's book for classes 4-10. |
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| Publisher |
Ramailo Kitaab |
Place of Publication |
Kathmandu, Nepal |
Editor |
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Nepalese & English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1283 |
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| Author |
Nikolaevskiy A.G. |
| Title |
The Kyrgyz state nature park “Ala-Archa”. People's park of the Uzbek SSR |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1985 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
89-92 |
| Keywords |
Kyrgyzsatn; Ala-Archa national park; location; climate; soils; relief; plants; Animals; mammals; snow leopard.; 7750 |
| Abstract |
It provides general information about the Kyrgyz state nature park ®Ala-Archa", its physico-geographical features, relief, landscape zoning, and description of flora and fauna. Snow leopard, Tien-Shan brown bear, ibex (more than 300 animals), porcupine, stone marten, ermine, and marmot, etc. are mentioned as the most interesting animals. |
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| Notes |
1950Journal Title: National parks. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 753 |
Serial |
720 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Nishine, Y. |
| Title |
The captive snow leopard programme (SSCJ) in Japan |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
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Pages |
21-25 |
| Keywords |
captive; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Japan; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1089 |
Serial |
721 |
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| Author |
Nishine, Y. |
| Title |
Development of the captive breeding programme (SSCJ) in Japan 1997-2001 |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
25-26 |
| Keywords |
captive; captive breeding; Japan |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 925 |
Serial |
722 |
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| Author |
Nolte-Wilson, B. |
| Title |
Soveriegn of menaced realm: the snow leopard |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Natura WWF-Pakistan Newsletter |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
3-9 |
| Keywords |
Pakistan; browse; behavior; Chitrol-Gol; baiting; spays; pug; scrapes; habitat; 3130 |
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Full Text at URL |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 171 |
Serial |
723 |
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| Author |
Norberg-Hodge, H. |
| Title |
Ladakh: Developement without Destruction |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1981 |
Publication |
The Himalaya: Aspects of Change |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
278-284 |
| Keywords |
Ladakh; conservation; development; habitat; browse; 1960 |
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| Publisher |
Oxford University Press |
Place of Publication |
New Delhi |
Editor |
Lall, J.S. |
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Author Role: Editor |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 61 |
Serial |
724 |
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| Author |
Norbu, U.P. |
| Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard In Bhutan |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
28-34 |
| Keywords |
Bhutan; livestock; predation; prey; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; poaching; hunting; status; distribution; education; conservation; management; yaks; protected-area; browse; protected; area; 2420 |
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| Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, India |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 321 |
Serial |
725 |
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