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| Author |
Kolmstetter, C.; Munson, L.; Ramsay, E.C. |
| Title |
Degenerative spinal disease in large felids |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
J Zoo Wildl Med |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15-19 |
| Keywords |
Age-Factors; Animal; Animals; zoo; Autopsy; veterinary; Carnivora; Female; Lions; Male; Age; factor; browse; 110 |
| Abstract |
Degenerative spinal disorders, including intervertebral disc disease and spondylosis, seldom occur in domestic cats. In contrast, a retrospective study of 13 lions (Panthera leo), 16 tigers (Panthera tigris), 4 leopards (Panthera pardis), 1 snow leopard (Panthera uncia), and 3 jaguars (Panthera onca) from the Knoxville Zoo that died or were euthanatized from 1976 to 1996 indicated that degenerative spinal disease is an important problem in large nondomestic felids. The medical record, radiographic data, and the necropsy report of each animal were examined for evidence of intervertebral disc disease or spondylosis. Eight (three lions, four tigers, and one leopard) animals were diagnosed with degenerative spinal disease. Clinical signs included progressively decreased activity, moderate to severe rear limb muscle atrophy, chronic intermittent rear limb paresis, and ataxia. The age at onset of clinical signs was 10-19 yr (median = 18 yr). Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column was useful in assessing the severity of spinal lesions, and results were correlated with necropsy findings. Lesions were frequently multifocal, included intervertebral disc mineralization or herniation with collapsed intervertebral disc spaces, and were most common in the lumbar area but also involved cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Marked spondylosis was present in the cats with intervertebral disc disease, presumably subsequent to vertebral instability. Six of the animals' spinal cords were examined histologically, and five had acute or chronic damage to the spinal cord secondary to disc protrusion. Spinal disease should be suspected in geriatric large felids with decreased appetite or activity. Radiographic evaluation of the spinal column is the most useful method to assess the type and severity of spinal lesions. |
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1042-7260 |
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Document Type: eng |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 384 |
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545 |
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| Author |
Lanier, D.L.; Dewsbury, D.A. |
| Title |
A quantitative study of copulatory behaviour of large Felidae |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Behavioural-Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
327-333 |
| Keywords |
behavior; breeding; mating; copulation; veterinary; zoo; zoos; medical; reproduction; browse; 1590 |
| Abstract |
Observed a total of 109 copulations in 6 male-female pairs from 4 species of large Felidae. The mean intromission durations were 3.0 sec for Asian leopards (Panthera pardus), 3.3 sec for African leopards (P. pardus), 12.9 sec for snow leopards (Uncia uncia), 2.3 sec for spotted jaguars (P. onca), 3.3 sec for black jaguars (P. onca), and 12.4 sec for Siberian tigers (P. tigris). Behavioral patterns were qualitatively similar across species; all displayed a copulatory pattern with no lock, no intravaginal thrusting, ejaculation on a single insertion, and multiple ejaculations. Whereas domestic cats are reported to assume a neck grip and to tread prior to insertion, these larger Felidae generally did so after intromission had been achieved. After copulation, females of some pairs swiped at the male and displayed a rolling after-reaction. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned) |
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Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers BV. |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 32 |
Serial |
610 |
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| Author |
Lutz, H.; Hofmann-Lehmann, R.; Fehr, D.; Leutenegger, C.; Hartmann, M.; Ossent, P.; Grob, M.; Elgizoli, M.; Weilenmann, P. |
| Title |
Liberation of the wilderness of wild felids bred under human custody: Danger of release of viral infections |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Schweizer Archiv fuer Tierheilkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
138 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
579-585 |
| Keywords |
endangered-species; European-Wild-Cat; Fiv; Fpv; Host; Human-Custody; infection; Pathogen; Reintroduction-Projects; Relocation-Projects; survival; Tibet; Veterinary-Medicine; Viral-Disease; Viral-Infection; Wild-Felid; Wild-Felid-Breeding; Wilderness-Liberation; Wildlife-Management; browse; endangered; species; european; wild; cat; Human; custody; reintroduction; project; relocation; veterinary; medicine; Viral; Disease; wild felid; breeding; wilderness; liberation; management; 690 |
| Abstract |
There are several felidae amongst the numerous endangered species. Means of aiding survival are the reintroduction to the wild of animals bred under the auspices of man and their relocation from densely populated to thinly populated areas. It is unlikely that the dangers of such reintroduction or relocation projects have been examined sufficiently in respect to the risks of virus infections confronting individuals kept in zoos or similar situations. This report presents infections may be expected to occur when relo- three examples to illustrate that accidental virus cating and reintroducing wild cats. The first example is the reintroduction of captive snow leopards. Zoo bred snow leopards may be infected with FIV, a virus infection that is highly unlikely to occur in the original hirnalayan highlands of Tibet and China. A second example is of several cases of FIP that occured in European wild cats bred in groups in captivity. The third example mentioned is the relocation of hons from East Africa where all the commonly known feline viruses are wide-spread to the Etosha National Park. In the latter, virus infections such as FIV, FCV and FPV do not occur. The indiscriminate relocation and reintroduction of the wild cats mentioned here harbours a potential of undesirable consequences. |
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Document Type: German |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 287 |
Serial |
629 |
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| Author |
Lutz, H.; Isenbugel, E.; Lehmann, R. |
| Title |
Retrovirus serology in snow leopards and other wild felids in European zoos |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Pages |
203-208 |
| Keywords |
veterinary; medicine; retrovirus-serology; retoviruses; pathogens; leukemia; spumavirus; anemia; neoplasia; immune-suppression; gingivitus; browse; retrovirus serology; retrovirus; serology; immune suppression; immune; suppression; 3460 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 243 |
Serial |
628 |
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Machado, C.; Brown, P.; Turner, R. |
| Title |
Dental crown restorations on a snow leopard |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Journal Of Zoo Animal Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
146-150 |
| Keywords |
dentistry; veterinary; medical; medicine; zoo; zoos; captivity; browse; 1560 |
| Abstract |
In the spring of 1983 the San Francisco Zoo received a female snow leopard (Panthera uncia) as part of an exotic animal exchange program with the People's Republic of China. Upon examination, it was found that this nine-yea old, seventy-five pound, wild-trapped animal had sustained considerable dental injuries, including fractures of all maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. The purpose of this paper is to describe the dental procedures undertaken to restore the physiological function of all four canines. |
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Addresses:MACHADO C, SAN FRANCISCO ZOO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 74 |
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633 |
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Mainka, S.A. |
| Title |
Snow leopard surgery |
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Magazine Article |
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1986 |
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Calgary Zoo Newsletter |
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10-10 |
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snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; surgery; zoo; veterinary; veterinary service |
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Dr. Sue Mainka, Veterinary Services. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 996 |
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637 |
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Mainka, S.A. |
| Title |
Revision of a Total Hip Replacement in a Snow Leopard |
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Conference Article |
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1988 |
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veterinary; surgery; hip-replacement; medical; captivity; browse; 4250 |
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ISLT and Wildlife Institute of India |
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Usa |
Editor |
H.Freeman |
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full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 413 |
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638 |
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Maity, B.; Chakraborty, G.; Pradhan, K.K. |
| Title |
Toxocariasis in snow leopard (Panthera unica) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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1994 |
Publication |
Indian Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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71 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
499-501 |
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toxocariasis; India; captivity; zoo; medical; medicine; veterinary; browse; 1410 |
| Abstract |
Spontaneous occurrence of toxocariasis (Toxocaracati) in captive snow leopards with symptoms of diarrhoea, general malaise, letherapy, dehydration, partial or complete anorexia, vomiting with or without expulsion of the ascarid is reported. Response to anthelmintic drug pyrantal pamoate along with antibacterial drug sulphadimethyl pyrimidine and supportive therapy is recorded. |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 238 |
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639 |
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Martin, C.L.; Stiles, J.; Willis, M. |
| Title |
Feline colobomatous syndrome |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
Publication |
Veterinary-and-Comparative-Ophthalmology |
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7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
39-43 |
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Blindness; Colobomatous-Syndrome; Congenital-Disease; Eye-Disease; Eyelid-Agenesis; Microphthalmos; Nervous-System; Nervous-System-Disease; Optic-Nerve; Retinal-Dysplasia; Sense-Organs; Veterinary-Medicine; veterinary; medical; browse; colobomatous; Syndrome; congenital; Disease; eye; eyelid; agenesis; nervous; system; Optic; Nerve; retinal; dysplasia; sense; organs; medicine; 1330 |
| Abstract |
A syndrome of multiple congenital ocular anomalies in a litter of domestic kittens is described which appears identical to the multiple colobomatous syndrome described in captive Snow Leopards. The lesions varied between kittens in the litter, but ranged from microphthalmos with blindness to mild alterations in the lateral lid margins that resulted in trichiasis. The syndrome of eyelid agenesis in the domestic cat may encompass a broad range of congenital ocular lesions and multiple siblings, but the cause and mechanism of lesion formation is unknown. |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 319 |
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650 |
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| Author |
McVittie, R. |
| Title |
Nursing behavior of snow leopard cubs |
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Journal Article |
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1978 |
Publication |
Applied-Animal-Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
159-168 |
| Keywords |
suckling; behavior; veterinary; zoo; zoos; medical; browse; 1580 |
| Abstract |
Reports that a preliminary project on nursing behavior in 3 young snow leopards revealed 2 phases in suckling pattern: nonnutritive and nutritive. The latter was distinguished by stereotypic rhythmical movements of the ears associated with swallowing. The cubs also demonstrated a teat preference, but the adaptive significance of such preferences and the accompanying agonistic behavior were unclear. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned) |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 37 |
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669 |
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