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Author (up) Din, J. U., Ali, H., Ali, A., Younus, M., Mehmood,, T., Rashid, Y. N., Nawaz, M. A. url 
  Title Pastoralist-predator interaction at the roof of the world: Conflict dynamics and implications for conservation Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Ecology and Society Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages  
  Keywords Afghan Pamir; carnivore; conflict; Pak Pamir; pastoralist; predation; snow leopard; Tajik Pamir; wolf  
  Abstract Pastoralism and predation are two major concomitantly known facts and matters of concern for conservation biologists worldwide. Pastoralist-predator conflict constitutes a major social-ecological concern in the Pamir mountain range encompassing Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tajikistan, and affects community attitudes and tolerance toward carnivores. Very few studies have been conducted to understand the dynamics of livestock predation by large carnivores like snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and wolves (Canis

lupus), owing to the region�s remoteness and inaccessibility. This study attempts to assess the intensity of livestock predation (and resulting perceptions) by snow leopards and wolves across the Afghani, Pakistani, and Tajik Pamir range during the period January 2008�June 2012. The study found that livestock mortality due to disease is the most serious threat to livestock (an average 3.5 animal heads per household per year) and ultimately to the rural economy (an average of US$352 per household per year) as compared to

predation (1.78 animal heads per household per year, US$191) in the three study sites. Overall, 1419 (315 per year) heads of livestock were reportedly killed by snow leopards (47%) and wolves (53%) in the study sites. People with comparatively smaller landholdings and limited earning options, other than livestock rearing, expressed negative attitudes toward both wolves and snow leopards and vice versa. Education was found to be an effective solution to dilute people�s hatred for predators. Low public tolerance of the wolf and

snow leopard in general explained the magnitude of the threat facing predators in the Pamirs. This will likely continue unless tangible and informed conservation measures like disease control and predation compensation programs are taken among others.
 
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  Call Number SLN @ rakhee @ Serial 1453  
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Author (up) Dustov J. url 
  Title Evaluation of current status of large mammals in the Chatkal nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 89-92  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Western Tien Shan; Chatkal nature reserve; distribution; number; snow leopard.; 6510; Russian  
  Abstract The counts of species populations such as Menzbier's marmot, roe-deer, ibex, wild boar, wolf, Tien Shan brown bear, and snow leopard has been made on permanent transects in the Chatkal reserve for 18 years. Data on of the population numbers is provided. 11 encounters with snow leopard were registered during a period of 1975 through 1979. Two encounters were recorded in 2000.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biodiversity of the Western Tien Shan: protection and sustainable use. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 629 Serial 247  
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Author (up) Dyikanova, C. url 
  Title A public awareness outreach programme on Snow Leopards for the Kyrgyz Republic, Final Report Type Report
  Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-4  
  Keywords project; awareness; local; local people; people; staff; Base; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; ecology; threats; threat; Kyrgyzstan; regional; areas; area; public; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Report; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; community  
  Abstract The principle goal of the project was to raise awareness of local people, staff of frontier posts,

customs and foreign military base on snow leopard, and its conservation. In the framework of the

project the following steps were to be executed:

A) To disseminate printing materials: a booklet, poster, card and calendar.

b) To publish articles on snow leopard ecology and conservation issues and threats in

Kyrgyzstan regional newspapers (Issyk-Kul, Osh, and Chui areas)

C) To hold follow-up meeting with target groups

D) To evaluate project results
 
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  Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Community and Business Forum, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1066 Serial 248  
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Author (up) Egorov O.V. url 
  Title Enemies, infections, parasites and mortality rate of ibex Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1955 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Vol. 42. Issue Pages 37-50  
  Keywords Ussr; ungulates; predators; snow leopard.; 6520; Russian  
  Abstract Reasons for ibex and argali mortality from natural enemies, parasites, infections, accidents, and hunters are analyzed. Snow leopard is one of the most dangerous enemies of ibex and argali, preying equally on both young and mature animals (mostly males). Snow leopard feeds upon ibex all year round. Unlike wolf, snow leopard would never kill several animals at a time, but only one selected victim. The food remains left by these predators are different in terms of the skull gnawing. Nasal bones and eye-sockets on the skull of ibex killed by snow leopard remain undamaged, while wolf gnaws off nasal part of the skull, breaks eye-sockets, eats lower jaw, widens occipital hole and pulls out brains. Snow leopard leaves large pieces of skin around the skeleton of the victim, whereas wolf tears it to shreds or eats up fully. Sometimes parts of the victim left by snow leopard are eaten by wolf. It is easy to mix the remains of snow leopard's or griffon vulture's food. The remains differ in skin being turned inside out rather than torn to large pieces.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of ZIN of the Academy of Science of the USSR. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 630 Serial 251  
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Author (up) Elkin K.F. url 
  Title Predatory mammals in the Eastern Kazakhstan Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 34-36  
  Keywords Kazakhstan; carnivores; snow leopard.; 6530; Russian  
  Abstract There are 20 predatory mammal species in eastern Kazakhstan, three of which disappeared (tiger, dhole, raccoon), five are endangered (snow leopard, wild cat, manul, marbled polecat, and stone marten). Snow leopard is not met in the South Altai and Tarbagatai each year.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecologic fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 631 Serial 252  
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Author (up) Emanoil, M. url 
  Title Snow leopard: Uncia (panthers) uncia Type Book Chapter
  Year 1994 Publication Encyclopedia of Endangered Species Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 205-206  
  Keywords endangered; endangered species; snow leopard; uncia  
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  Publisher IUCN, Gale Research Inc. Place of Publication Editor Emanoil, M.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 963 Serial 253  
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Author (up) Encke, B. url 
  Title Die sucht von schneeleoparden (Uncia uncia) im Krefelder Tierpark Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1967 Publication Freunde des Kolner Zoo Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Winter 1966/1967 Pages 145-146  
  Keywords snow leopard, captivity, Krefeld Zoo  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1244  
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Author (up) Encke, B. url 
  Title The breeding of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in the Krefeld Zoo Type Journal Article
  Year 1966 Publication Freunde des Kolner Zoo Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Winter 1966/1967 Pages 145-146  
  Keywords snow leopard, captivity, Krefeld Zoo, Germany  
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  Notes Translated by K. Wittmeyer Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ Serial 1243  
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Author (up) Epifanov V.M. url 
  Title Fauna Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1968 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 29-33  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Western Tien Shan; Chatkal nature reserve; fishes; amphibians; reptiles; birds; mammals; snow leopard.; 6540; Russian  
  Abstract There are three fish species, two amphibian species, nine reptile, 97 bird species, and 23 mammal species, including snow leopard, in the Chatkal reserve. A list of animals and their brief description is provided.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The land of pristine environment (Guidebook for the Chatkal nature reserve). Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 632 Serial 254  
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Author (up) Esipov A.V. url 
  Title Ugam Chatkal State Nature Park Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume N1 Issue Pages 46-47  
  Keywords Uzbekistan; Ugam Chatkal Nature Park; mammals; endangered species; snow leopard; numerous species; ibex.; 6660; Russian  
  Abstract There are endangered species as bear, snow leopard and Menzbier's marmot recorded in Western Tien Shan mountains. Wild boar, Siberian ibex, roe deer, wolf, badger, porcupine and red fox are rather numerous species on this area.  
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  Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecological News Journal. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 644 Serial 261  
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