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Author |
Formozov A.N. |
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Title |
Fauna of mountainous areas in Kazakhstan |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1987 |
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115-126 |
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Kazakhstan; mountains; fauna; snow leopard.; 6720; Russian |
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The author provides description of fauna of Kazakhstan's mountainous areas. Fauna of the mountain taiga is also typical for the forests of South Siberia. Ungulate species such as musk deer and ibex are common for rocky taiga areas. In the Altai, ibex, musk deer, and wild sheep are preyed on by dhole and snow leopard and more typical species such as glutton and wolf. Ibex, argali, and irbis are typical for Transili Ala-Tau and West Tien Shan. Tien Shan is the only area of the USSR with quite many irbis preserved. The ridges of this mountainous area located in Kazakhstan are very likely to be an area the most densely populated by snow leopards within the predator's habitat. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Fauna of Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 650 |
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284 |
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Author |
Formozov A.N. |
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Title |
Tiger and snow leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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1952 |
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169 171 |
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Ussr; big cats; tiger; leopard; snow leopard.; 6710; Russian |
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Over the last decades tiger, leopard and snow leopard were fully exterminated in many areas, where they formerly were common species and now became very rare ones. Few leopards can still be found in Caucasus, Copet-Dag (Turkmenistan) and south of Primorskiy krai. Irbis is remaining a common species only in the difficult-of-access highland areas of Tien Shan and very rare in the Altai. Tiger traces are sometimes found in the Amudarya river valley and in the taiga Sihote-Alinya in the Far East. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Pathfinder's companion. |
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SLN @ rana @ 649 |
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281 |
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Author |
Frolov M.V. |
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Title |
About establishment of the Dashti-Djum nature reserve in Tajikistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1981 |
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124-126 |
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Tajikistan; Dashti-Djum nature reserve; establishment; mammals; snow leopard.; 6750; Russian |
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The Dashti-Djum nature reserve is suggested to be established in an area of the Darvaza and Khazratishah ridges a habitat of markhor, ibex, long-tailed marmot, etc. Snow leopard and brawn bear are also found at some parts of the planned nature reserve. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Status and perspectives of wildlife protection in the USSR. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 653 |
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326 |
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Author |
Geptner V.G. |
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Title |
Genus snow leopard or irbis |
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Miscellaneous |
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1972 |
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Vol. 2, Part 2. |
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Ussr; snow leopard; identification; phylogeny; distribution; number; life history; use.; 6760; Russian |
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It describes genus and species features of snow leopard such as appearance, skull, sizes, phylogenetic links, distribution, geographic variability, biology including number, habitat, refuges, activity in daylight and night, behavioral patterns, reproduction, enemies and rivals, and practical use of the species. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of the Soviet Union. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 654 |
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336 |
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Author |
Golub O.N. |
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Title |
Perspective protection of rare mammal species in the nature reserves of Tajikistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1983 |
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9-10 |
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Tajikistan; snow leopard; ibex; protection.; 6780; Russian |
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In winter, some seven to 14 snow leopards come into the nature reserve “Ramit” when chasing ibex within their winter habitats. The nature reserve is yet the only remaining place for ibexes to winter in eastern part of the Gissar ridge. Some 150 200 ibexes winter in the nature reserve. The nature reserve should be extended towards highlands in order to protect snow leopards. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of III All-Union conference. Rare mammal species and their protection. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 656 |
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338 |
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Author |
Golub O.N. |
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Title |
The Ramit nature reserve and its problems |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1981 |
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60-61 |
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Tajikistan; Ramit nature reserve; Animals; snow leopard; ibex; number; threats.; 6770; Russian |
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The following Red Data Book species inhabit the Ramit nature reserve: snow leopard, bear, lynx, otter, Bukhara deer, etc. Its population is indicated to be closely related to number of ibex (150 animals). The latter is subject to heavy anthropogenic pressure when migrating outside the nature reserve in winter. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The status and perspectives of wildlife protection in the USSR. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 655 |
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337 |
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Author |
Grachev Yu.A. |
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Title |
Snow leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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1996 |
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Vol.1.Animals. Part 1.Vertebrates. |
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246-247 |
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Kazakhstan; Red Data book; category of threat; distribution; number; conservation measure; captive breeding; snow leopard.; 6810; Russian |
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Status: rare (Category III). Distribution: Tien Shan mountains, Tarbagatai, Saur and Altai mountains. Total number in Kazakhstan does not exceed 200 individuals. The main threats are poaching and reduction number of preys. In Almaty Zoo captive breeding was successful in 1976 and 1985. Snow leopard is protected in Aksu Jabagly, Almaty and Markakol nature reserves. To ensure the survival of the species it is necessary to establish a reserve in Dzhungar mountains and to improve protection in existing nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The Red data book of Kazakhstan. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 659 |
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343 |
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Author |
Grachev Yu.A. |
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Title |
Snow leopard Uncia uncia Sch. 1775 |
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Miscellaneous |
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1991 |
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Vol. 1. Animals. |
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73-75 |
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Kazakhstan; Red Data boo; category of threat; distribution; number; biology; threats; conservation measures.; 6800; Russian |
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Snow leopard is a rare species with shrinking habitat and decreasing population (category III). It is distributed in Tien Shan (the ridges of Karjantau, Ugam, Talas, Kyrgyz, Zailiyskiy, Kunghey, Terskey, Ketmen), Djungar Alatau, Tarbagatai, Saur, and South Altai. This species has disappeared in the Syrdarya Karatau and the mountains of North Tien Shan. Its total number in Kazakhstan is estimated to be 180-200 animals. The threats are reduction of mountain ungulates and poaching. Snow leopard is protected in the Aksu-Djabagly, Alma-Ata, and Markakol nature reserves and the Alma-Ata, Lepsin, and Tokhta sanctuaries. The Djungar nature reserve needs to be established. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of the Kazakh SSR. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 658 |
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342 |
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Author |
Grachev Yu.A. |
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Title |
Snow leopard, or irbis Uncia uncia |
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Miscellaneous |
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1978 |
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Part 1. Vertebrate animals. |
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64-67 |
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Kazakhstan; snow leopard; distribution; historical range; conservation.; 6790; Russian |
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Snow leopard is rare and endangered species. At present it is met in Tien Shan and the spurs: in the ridges of Pskem, Ugam, Karjantau, Talas, Kyrgyz, Zailiyskiy, Ketmene, Kungei Alatau, Terskey Alatau, as well as Jungar Alatau, Tarbagatai, Saure, and Altai. In 19th century, snow leopard used to be met in the Karatau ridge (the Syrdarya ridge). Over the last two decades population of snow leopard reduced due to increased development of mountainous areas and reduction of wild animal populations (ibex, argali, morals, marmots, etc.). In Kazakhstan, snow leopard is protected in the Aksu-Djabagly and Alma-Ata nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Red Data Book of the Kazakh SSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 657 |
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341 |
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Author |
Gromov I.M. |
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Title |
Felis (Uncia) uncia Schreber (1776) leopard or irbis |
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Miscellaneous |
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1963 |
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Part.2. |
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890-892 |
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Ussr; taxonomy; morphology; distribution; biology; value; snow leopard.; 6820; Russian |
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An identification table for genus and species of mammals of USSR is given. The taxonomy, morphology, distribution and life history are described. The features of snow leopard Felis (Uncia) uncia, distribution, biology and practical value are described. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The mammals of USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 660 |
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356 |
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Gulyaeva T.S. |
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About protection of natural complexes in south Altai |
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1986 |
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68-69 |
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Kazakhstan; Altai; mammals; snow leopard.; 6830; Russian |
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To ensure proper conservation of valuable natural complexes it is proposed that a nature reserve be established in the upper river Bakhturma. There are over 20 mammal species there, dhole and snow leopard being included in the Red Data Book of the Kazakh SSR and Red List of IUCN. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Geographical problems of wildlife protection development. |
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SLN @ rana @ 661 |
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360 |
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Author |
Gvozdetskiy N.A. |
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Altitudal landscape zones |
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Miscellaneous |
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1970 |
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142-151 |
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Central Asia; geobotany; zoogeography; mountain zones; Animals; snow leopard.; 6840; Russian |
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It provides geobotanic and zoogeographic description of vertical landscape zoning. Particularly, in alpine meadows and meadow steppes and partially zone of mountain plateau (“syrt”) of highland, the common species are argali (Ovis ammon poloi), ibex (Capra sibirica sakeen), snow leopard (Felis uncia), Tien Shan bear (Ursus arctos leuconyx), and red pica; very numerous are marmots and vole (Microtus gregalis). The bird fauna includes Himalayan snow-cock (Tetraogallus himalayensis), Alpine chough (Pyrrhocorax graculus), chough (P. pyrrhocorax), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), rosefinch species. There are many waterfowl birds on the lakes. There are many Central Asian, particularly Tibetan species among the animals inhabiting highlands of the Tien Shan. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Physical geography of the USSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 662 |
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364 |
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Author |
Gvozdev E.V. |
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Title |
Dzhungarsky nature reserve |
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1989 |
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31-34 |
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Kazakhstan; Dzungarian Ala Tau; biodiversity; mammals; snow leopard; protected area creation.; 6850; Russian |
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Fauna of the mammals in Dzungarian Ala Tau included 54 species, from them in IUCN Red book, the Red Data book of USSR and Kazakh Red Data Book listed snow leopard, dhole, brown bear, Central Asian otter, Turkestan lynx, manul, argali, marbled polecat and stone marten. Institute of geography of Kazakhstan offers the project on creation of protected territory on Dzungarian Ala Tau for biodiversity conservation and increase in number of rare and disappearing species. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Perspectives of creation of protected areas fund in Kazakhstan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 663 |
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365 |
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Author |
Heiz A.V. |
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Title |
Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan and its protection |
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Miscellaneous |
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1983 |
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3 |
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92-93 |
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Kyrgyzstan; snow leopard; number; decline; mountain ungulates; livestock; hunting; propaganda; protection.; 6870; Russian |
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In the year 1970, the quantity of snow leopards in Kyrgyzstan was defined as 1,300 animals, while in the years to follow 1,600 animals were recorded. A snow leopard population has significantly decreased since recently because of intense extermination of snow leopard's prey ungulates, particularly ibex. In some areas of the Kyrgyz ridge livestock is growing in number thus affecting snow leopard population. It is extremely rare that snow leopard would attack livestock. Snow leopards can be caught under special license. Educational and awareness work among shepherds and hunters residing in the mountainous area of the country needs to be improved. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Rare mammal species of the USSR and their protection. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 665 |
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380 |
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Author |
Heiz A.V. |
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Title |
Some legal issues of snow leopard protection in the USSR |
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Miscellaneous |
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1979 |
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244-245 |
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Ussr; snow leopard; criminal responsibility; management responsibility; liability for breakage; protection; propaganda; counts.; 6860; Russian |
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Any commercial use or sport hunting for snow leopard is prohibited everywhere. In the USSR, illegal hunting or attempt to hunt was prosecuted according to the criminal or administrative law. The following additional measures are required to successfully protect the species: conducting awareness activity in local communities, continuous control, quick investigating of snow leopard extermination cases, and regular counts of snow leopard population. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Environment fundamentals of protection and sustainable use of predatory mammals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 664 |
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379 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
The Felids family Felidae Gray, 1821 |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1989 |
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46 |
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Ussr; Felidae; Miocene; Pliocene; Pleistocene; Holocene; origin; Uzbekistan; Genus Uncia; snow leopard; specie range; Western Tien Shan; Hissar ridge; Zeravshan ridge; Turkestan ridge.; 6980; Russian |
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Zoolites of the Felidae family are known from the Upper Eocene Lower Pliocene in Eurasia, Africa, and North America. Two sub-families are know to inhabit the territory of the USSR and adjacent territories: the extinct sabre-toothed Felidae species Machairodontia and now existing Felidae species. In the USSR the extinct Felidae species were found to exist in Upper Miocene, Upper and Middle Pliocene, and Pleistocene. In Eurasia panthers has been know since early Pliocene. Three species were found in Uzbekistan – the extinct cave lion Felidae sd†l…†… (Goldfuss, 1810), and now existing P…nth†a… tigris, P…nth†a… pardus. The ancient finds and modern habitats are briefly described. Genus Uncia is represented by one species snow leopard or irbis. Probably it appeared in later Pliocene or Pleistocene in the mountain of Central Asia. In Uzbekistan, remains of snow leopard were found in the Samarqand region in the layer of Upper Pleistocene or Holocene. Probably it moved into the area in Pleistocene or the period of glacier removal in the Western Tien Shan mountains, Turkestan, Zeravshan, and Hissar ridges. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Possible way of the mammal fauna formation on the territory of Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 676 |
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422 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Genus Snow leopard Uncia gray, 1854 |
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Miscellaneous |
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1987 |
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94-97 |
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Uzbekistan; mammals; game species; biology; distribution; practical use; conservation measures.; 6940; Russian |
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It provides data concerning biology, distribution and use game and commercial mammal species in Uzbekistan, and recommends on ways of hunting and initial fur-skin processing. It also describes the matter of conservation and rehabilitation of rare species' populations. From 1930-s to 1960-s over 20 snow leopard skins were reported to be traded officially. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game animals of Uzbekistan. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 672 |
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418 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Hunting and nature conservation in Uzbekistan (history and current status) |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1984 |
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9-21 |
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Uzbekistan; origin; fauna; fossils; mesolite; late Stone Age; the Bronze Age; hunting; agriculture; stock-raising; natural calamity; conservation; hunting farm; snow leopard.; 6930; Russian |
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Origination of fauna complexes in Uzbekistan from the Mustier period to present time is described. The remains of brown bear, cave hyena, wolf, fox, corsac, stone marten, badger, and snow leopard were found in cave Amankutan (western extremities of the Zaravshan ridge). Cattle breeding and farming has begun since mesolite; cave bear, Stenon horse, Pleistocene donkey, camel and aurochs dropped from the region's fauna, while marchor and striped hyena moved to the Hissar ridge, Babatag and Kugitang mountains from south; jackal, chaus, tiger, and Iranian otter settled along the river valleys. In the Neolith and Bronze Age cattle breeding and farming continued to develop, while hunting was less important. Mass hinting for animals in the time of Alexander the Great, Chingiz Khan, and Babur, the ruler of Fergana, is described. Mass extermination of kulan, goitered gazelle, saiga, and other game species also took place later more than 12,000 saigas were killed during one hunt at the end of 19th century in the Volga region. Animals also die from natural disasters the “djut”. Data concerning a current status of goitered gazelle, saiga, Bukhara deer, marchor, Severtsev's sheep, and urial is given. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunting and nature conservation in Uzbekistan. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 671 |
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417 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Snow leopard |
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Miscellaneous |
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1980 |
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26-27 |
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Uzbekistan; Red Data book; snow leopard; distribution; preys; biology; use.; 6920; Russian |
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In Uzbekistan, snow leopard is preserved along the Ugam, Pskem, Chatkal, Tirkestan, and Hissar ridges. Ibex is a main prey of the predator. It also preys on argali, wild boar, hares, roe-deers, rodents, kekliks (partridge), and rarely livestock. Catching the animals in the country is limited and exercised under special permissions. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Wild animals of Uzbekistan included in the Red Data Book of the USSR. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 670 |
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416 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Protected areas and waters of Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1979 |
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49-63 |
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Uzbekistan; protected areas; snow leopard; territorial protection.; 6900; Russian |
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In Uzbekistan, there is a network of protected areas of land and water, consisting of 11 nature reserves (163,780 ha) and nine sanctuaries (217,837 ha). Five or six new protected natural areas with a total area of 220,000 250,000 ha are recommended to be established. The further development of the network will help preserve typical natural complexes, having scientific, practical and cultural value. When selecting an area for protection it is needed to cover overall diversity of natural landscapes including relief, soils, waters, vegetation and animals. Snow leopard is protected in the Chatkal, Zaamin, Kizilsu, and Miraka nature reserves. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Hunter and Fisherman of Uzbekistan. |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 668 |
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414 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
A problem of original fauna conservation in Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1979 |
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199-200 |
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Uzbekistan; mammals; origin; game species; snow leopard.; 6910; Russian |
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Fauna of Uzbekistan is represented by species being common for south deserts (Indian honey badger, striped hyena, cheetah, caracal), tugai forest (riverine forest) (Bukhara deer, jackal, chaus, tiger), Palaearctic steppes (corsac, steppe polecat, marbled polecat, steppe cat, saiga), deserts of Africa and Middle East (sand cat, tridactylous African jerboa) and steppes of Central Asia (dhole, snow leopard, ibex). There are many foxes, large susliks, and muskrats there. Before hunting was prohibited a very few animals belonging to rare species such as bear, otter, leopard, snow leopard, lynx, roe deer, Bukhara deer, markhor, Asian moufflon, argali, Menzbier's marmot, and sometimes honey badger, caracal, manul, and cheetah, were shot. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of VII All-Union zoogeographical conference. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 669 |
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415 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Nature reserves and sanctuaries in Uzbekistan |
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Miscellaneous |
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1978 |
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55-61 |
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Uzbekistan; protected areas; fauna; snow leopard.; 6960; Russian |
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The protected area network in Uzbekistan is represented by 12 nature reserves (with total area of 254,000 ha) and nine sanctuaries (with total area of 217,837 ha). Protected territories and waters are divided into three types: desert, mountain, and floodplain lakes. Snow leopard is met in the Chatkal, Kizilsu, Miraka, and Zaamin nature reserves and Akbulak sanctuary. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Biosphere protection and use of natural resources in the Uzbek SSR. |
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SLN @ rana @ 674 |
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420 |
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Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Game and rare animals of Uzbekistan and their protection |
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Miscellaneous |
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1974 |
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1 |
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243-244 |
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Uzbekistan; game species; rare species; conservation; snow leopard.; 6890; Russian |
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Totally in Uzbekistan inhabited about 40 game species, but many of them became rare (Mellivora capensis indica, Lutra lutra seistanica, Hyaena hyaena, Felis pardus ciscaucasicus, Felis uncia, Felis ¤…a…c…l michaelis, F.manul ferrugineus, Cervus elaphus bactrianus, ¥…da… falconeri heptneri, Ovis orientalis bochariensis, I. about severtsovi, About ammon k…a†1ini), from fauna of region have disappeared Cuon alpinus hesperius, D…nthera tigris virgata, Acion¢o jubatus, Cervus elaphus sibiricus, Equus h†mionus, E. dazewalskii, Camelus bactrianus. For protection of valuable species of animals in Uzbekistan 6 nature reserves and 6 zakazniks were established. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceedings of the First International congress on mammals. |
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SLN @ rana @ 667 |
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413 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Cats |
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Miscellaneous |
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1964 |
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37-43 |
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Uzbekistan; South Uzbekistan; Cats; distribution; fur-trade; snow leopard.; 6950; Russian |
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It provides information about the cat family species in Uzbekistan (steppe cat Felis libyca, reed cat Felis chaus, Turkistan lynx Felis lynx isabellina, manul Felis manul, sand cat Felis margarita, Turan tiger Felis tigris virgata, Middle Asia leopard Felis pardus tullianus, and snow leopard Felis uncia. Snow leopard is distributed over the Hissar ridge, and the mountains of Kuydytavak, Khoddjachilimakhram, Zardalyupaz, Khodjapiriyah and Belata. Trade significance of snow leopard is negligent. In the Sary-Asia district one skin was traded in 1934 and 1935, three in 1936, four in 1937, one in 1946, and two in 1947. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Ecology and economic value of vertebrate animals in south Uzbekistan (the Syrdarya river basin). |
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SLN @ rana @ 673 |
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419 |
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Author |
Ishunin G.I. |
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Title |
Game mammals and birds of northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge |
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Miscellaneous |
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1963 |
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5-19 |
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Uzbekistan; Turkestan ridge; game species; endangered species; snow leopard.; 6970; Russian |
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There are 27 mammal species in the mountains of Turkestan ridge, 17 of which are good for trade or sport hunting. However, many of them have become non-numerous because of overhunting or destruction of their natural complexes (forest cutting, erosion, etc.). In Turkestan ridge of Uzbekistan, snow leopard is protected only in the Zaamin nature reserve. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Game and commercial animals of Uzbekistan. |
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SLN @ rana @ 675 |
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421 |
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