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	Author	Blomqvist, L.
	Title	The 1980 annual report of the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia) population and a review at the breeding results during the 1970's			Type	Report
	Year	1981	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	32-50
	Keywords	zoo; Report; 1980; captive; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; population; breeding; 1970
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title	Helsinki Zoo Annual Report	Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 998			Serial	154
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	Author	Blomqvist, L.
	Title	The 1979 world register for the captive population of snow leopards, Panthera uncia			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1980	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	62-75
	Keywords	captive; captive-population; panthera uncia; snow leopard
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 997			Serial	150
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	Author	Blomqvist, L.
	Title	The 1978 register for the captive population of snow leopards, Panthera uncia			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1979	Publication	International Zoo News	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	26	Issue	7-8	Pages	17-23
	Keywords	captive; captive-population; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; population; snow leopard
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 955			Serial	147
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Blomqvist, L.
	Title	Photos of snow leopards			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1978	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1	Issue		Pages	141-151
	Keywords	captive; captivity; International; pedigree; photo; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1051			Serial	145
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Blomqvist, L.
	Title	Snow leopard register (1978)			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1978	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol.1	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1	Issue		Pages	132-140
	Keywords	captive; International; pedigree; register; snow leopard; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1027			Serial	144
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	Author	Begg, T.
	Title	Nutritional bone disease in the snow leopard			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1978	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1	Issue		Pages	104-107
	Keywords	bone; captive; Disease; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; veterinary; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1047			Serial	125
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	Author	Barnett, K.C.; Lewis, J.C.M.
	Title	Multiple ocular colobomas in the snow leopard (Uncia uncia)			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2002	Publication	Veterinary Ophthalmology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue		Pages	197-199
	Keywords	captive; Coloboma; cub; eyelid; ocular fundus; snow leopard; Uncia uncia
	Abstract	Two singleton female snow leopard cubs are reported with bilateral central upper lid colobomas. In addition, one cub had a coloboma of the fundus in one eye extending from the lower optic disc region. Surgical treatment by wedge resection was successful in both cases. Details of ocular colobomas in the other snow leopards reported in the literature are described and it is suggested that the exact etiology of the condition in this species may be discovered by further study of similar colobomas in the domestic cat.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 913			Serial	119
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	Author	Kazensky, C.A.; Munson, L.; Seal, U.S.
	Title	The effects of melengestrol acetate on the ovaries of captive wild felids			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1998	Publication	Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	29	Issue	1	Pages	1-5
	Keywords	Mga; zoo; felids; contraception; Melengestrol-acetate; ovaries; snow-leopard; Panthera-uncia; snow leopard; browse; uncia; panthera; melengestrol; acetate; 1260; effects; study; ovarian; Ovary; captive; wild; wild felid; Wild-Felid; species; Follicle; Cats; cat; recent; Ovulation; doses; Dose; action; Progestin; Disease; veterinary
	Abstract	Melengestrol acetate (MGA) is the most widely used contraceptive in zoo felids, but the mechanism of contraception and the pathologic effects have not been investigated. For this study, the effects of MGA on folliculogenesis were assessed, and the association of MGA with ovarian lesions was evaluated. Comparisons were made among the histopathologic findings in the ovaries from 88 captive wild felids (representing 15 species) divided into three groups: 37 currently contracepted with MGA, eight previously exposed to MGA, and 43 never contracepted. Ninety-one percent of the felids evaluated had tertiary follicles, and no differences were noted between contracepted and uncontracepted cats. Some MGA-contracepted cats also had corpora lutea indicating recent ovulation. These results indicate that folliculogenesis is not suppressed by current doses of MGA and ovulation occurred in some cats. Therefore, the contraceptive actions of MGA do not occur by suppressing folliculogenesis, and MGA-contracepted felids likely have endogenous estrogens that may confound progestin effects on the uterus. Cystic rete ovarii was the most common pathologic finding, but they were not more prevalent in MGA-contracepted cats. These findings indicate that MGA is not associated with ovarian disease, including ovarian cancer, in contrast to the uterine lesions noted in MGA-treated cats.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: English. Affiliation: Taylor Veterinary Hospital, Turlock , California 95382, USA			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 348			Serial	527
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	Author	O'Connor, T.; Freeman, H.
	Title	Maternal behavior and behavioral development in the captive snow leopard (Panthera uncia)			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1982	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	103-110
	Keywords	behavior; captive; development; International; Panthera-uncia; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1035			Serial	733
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	Author	Nishine, Y.
	Title	Development of the captive breeding programme (SSCJ) in Japan 1997-2001			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	2003	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	8	Issue		Pages	25-26
	Keywords	captive; captive breeding; Japan
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 925			Serial	722
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	Author	Nishine, Y.
	Title	The captive snow leopard programme (SSCJ) in Japan			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1998	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	7	Issue		Pages	21-25
	Keywords	captive; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Japan; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1089			Serial	721
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	Author	Nardelli, F.
	Title	Keeping and breeding snow leopards at the Rare Felids Increasing Centre, Nettuno, Italy			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1982	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	63-66
	Keywords	breeding; captive; felids; International; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1033			Serial	715
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	Author	Meiers, S.T.
	Title	Habitat use by captive puma (Felis concolor) and snow leopards (Pathera uncia) at the Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois			Type	Book Whole
	Year	1992	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-74
	Keywords	habitat; habitat use; use; captive; felis; Felis-concolor; concolor; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; park; zoo; 1990; observations; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; zoological; zoological gardens; zoological-gardens; gardens; behavior; species; Time budget; dens; Identity; Animals; Animal; non; Cats; cat; location; relief
	Abstract	Between May 1990 and January 1991, behavioral observations were made of two captive pumas (Felis concolor Linnaeus), and two captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia Schreber) in their outdoor exhibits at the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens, Chicago, Illinois. Behaviors compared within and between species included: 1) time spend in the different habitat types; 2) time budgets for the different behaviors: laying, moving, sitting, standing, crouching, in the tree, drinking, urinating, defecating, within their inside dens, and “behavior not determined” when the identity or behavior of the individuals could not be determined; and 3) mobility of the animals within their exhibits. Also examined were: 4) preferences for different habitat types; 5) recommendations for future exhibit designs. Both species located themselves within their exhibits in a non-random manner. The majority of cats' time was spent in elevated locations (i.e., gunite ledges approximately 1-5.5 m above ground-level). Snow leopards exhibited this tendency to a greater extent than did the pumas. Both species also spent the majority of their time in the lying-down behavior; again snow leopards displayed this tendency significantly more than the pumas. Pumas were highly mobile and changed locations and behaviors in their exhibit significantly more than the snow leopards. No significant differences were noted between conspecifics in regard to habitat type preference, or mobility within the exhibit. Suggestions for future exhibit design include elevated locations for the cats to lay and look around within and outside their exhibits, caves for access to shade or relief from inclement weather, and ground surfaces to move about on. Features for exhibit design should take into consideration the natural habitat of the cat to occupy the exhibit.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Ph.D. thesis
	Publisher	DePaul University	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Master of Science at DePaul University.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1008			Serial	673
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	Author	Kuzminikh, I.
	Title	Notes on the status of captive snow leopards in regions of the former Soviet Union			Type	Conference Article
	Year	1994	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	199
	Keywords	zoos; captivity; management; Russia; Ussr; Soviet-Union; status; captive-population; genetics; Eastern-Sayan-Reserve; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; browse; captive populations; populations; captive; eastern sayan reserve; easter; Sayan; reserve; protected area; areas; area; protected areas; 3450
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Islt	Place of Publication	Usa	Editor	J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 229			Serial	597
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	Author	Kovalev A.K.
	Title	Markhor in the Ramit nature reserve, Tajikistan			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1990	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol.3.	Issue		Pages	247-248
	Keywords	Tajikistan; Khazratishok ridge; Darvaza ridge; markhor; number; nature conservation; zakaznik; Ramit nature reserve; captive breeding; prey species; snow leopard.; 7320; Russian
	Abstract	The marchor habitat in Tajikistan is fragmented. The animals are reproduced in enclosures of the Ramit nature reserve and released into wildlife in Khel canyon. Two females were killed by snow leopard.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Nature reserves of the USSR present and future.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 710			Serial	577
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	Author	Koivisto, I.
	Title	Preface			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1978	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1	Issue		Pages	1-2
	Keywords	captive; International; pedigree; snow leopard; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1032			Serial	542
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	Author	Knowles, J.
	Title	Snow leopards (Panthera uncia) at Marwell Zoological Park			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1982	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	59-62
	Keywords	captive; International; Panthera-uncia; panthera uncia; snow leopard; zoo; zoological
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1031			Serial	539
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	Author	Bannikov A.G.
	Title	We must save them			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1982	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	49-50
	Keywords	Ussr; endangered species; Red Data book; snow leopard; biology; distribution; number; captive breeding; conservation.; 6160; Russian
	Abstract	It describes the USSR's fauna species included in the Red Data Book and gives an assessment of endangered species conservation practices throughout the world. It says about ways and perspectives of conservation and rehabilitation of rare animals in the USSR. It provides brief information concerning snow leopard's biology, distribution, number, opportunities for captive breeding, and international conservation activities aimed to protect this species.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in Russian			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 594			Serial	113
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	Author	Joslin, J.O.; Garner, M.; Collins, D.; Kamaka, E.; Sinabaldi, K.; Meleo, K.; Montali, R.; Sundberg, J.; Jenson, A.B.; Ghim, S.; Davidow, B.; Hargis, A.; West, K.; Clark, T.; Haines, D.
	Title	Viral papilloma and squamous cell carcinomas in snow leopards (Uncia uncia)			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2000	Publication	2000 Proceedings AAZV & IAAAM Joint Conference	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	155-158
	Keywords	captive; snow leopard; squamous cell carcinoma; Uncia uncia; viral papilloma
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title	AAZV & IAAAM Joint Conference
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 932			Serial	506
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	Author	Guerrero, D.
	Title	Animal behavior concerns & solutions: snow leopard (Uncia uncia) evaluation, zoo			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1998	Publication	Anim.Keepers' Forum	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	25	Issue	2	Pages	56-58
	Keywords	aggressive-behavior; behavior; captive-animal-care; diets; endangered; threatened-species; genetics; handling-methods; intraspecies-relationships; social-behavior; husbandry; zoos; snow leopard; aggressive; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; methods; intraspecies; relationships; social; browse; 1310
	Abstract	The author offers advice on how a captive-raised snow leopard cub could be acclimated to humans so it could be used as a zoo “ambassador”. The cub had negative experiences with humans and lacked socialization with other animals and conspecifics. Methods of avoiding and redirecting the cub's aggressive behavior are suggested. lgh.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Ark Anim., Inc., P.O. Box 1154, Escondido, CA 92033-1154. e-mail: arkabc@arkanimals.com Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 338			Serial	358
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	Author	Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M.
	Title	Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1995	Publication	Zoo Biology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	14	Issue	3	Pages	223-237
	Keywords	Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390
	Abstract	An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 279			Serial	345
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	Author	Grachev Yu.A.
	Title	Snow leopard			Type	Miscellaneous
	Year	1996	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	Vol.1.Animals. Part 1.Vertebrates.	Issue		Pages	246-247
	Keywords	Kazakhstan; Red Data book; category of threat; distribution; number; conservation measure; captive breeding; snow leopard.; 6810; Russian
	Abstract	Status: rare (Category III). Distribution: Tien Shan mountains, Tarbagatai, Saur and Altai mountains. Total number in Kazakhstan does not exceed 200 individuals. The main threats are poaching and reduction number of preys. In Almaty Zoo captive breeding was successful in 1976 and 1985. Snow leopard is protected in Aksu Jabagly, Almaty and Markakol nature reserves. To ensure the survival of the species it is necessary to establish a reserve in Dzhungar mountains and to improve protection in existing nature reserves.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The Red data book of Kazakhstan.			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 659			Serial	343
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	Author	Gaughan, M.; Doherty, J.
	Title	Snow leopard rearing: Infant development with particular emphasis on play behaviour			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1982	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	121-126
	Keywords	behaviour; captive; development; International; rearing; snow leopard; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1030			Serial	334
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	Author	Freeman, H.
	Title	Behavior in adult pairs of captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1983	Publication	Zoo Biology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue	1	Pages	1-22
	Keywords	behavior; zoo; zoos; captive; captivity; estrus; breeding; mating; veterinary; browse; 1600
	Abstract	Eight adult pairs of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) were observed for one to three years in the months December through March to determine the species' social and reproductive characteristics in captivity. To statistically examine the occurrence of behaviors as a function of estrus, the observation weeks were divided into three time blocks: before estrus, estrus, and after estrus. Using percentage of scan samples as an estimate of time spent in various behaviors, 16 behaviors and combined behavior categories were examined for (1) behaviors that differentiated successfully from unsuccessfully breeding pairs, (2) sex differences in behavior, (3) significant correlations between pair members, and (4) behaviors that showed time block effects. The rationale for identifying a behavioral profile of successful breeders in snow leopards was to aid zoos in their captive management programs by increasing their knowledge of the social behavior of this species. By finding correlates to breeding success, informed decisions on whether to change partners after a certain period of time, how to group the cats, and the optimum strategy for a survival plan can be made. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	Document Type: English			Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 60			Serial	319
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	Author	Freeman, H.
	Title	The snow leopard, today and yesterday			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1980	Publication	International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 2	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	37-43
	Keywords	captive; captive populations; captivity; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Helsinki Zoo	Place of Publication	Helsinki	Editor	Blomqvist, L.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	SLN @ rana @ 1049			Serial	316
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