| Records |
| Author |
Harris, R.B. |
| Title |
A note on snow leopards and local people in Nangqian County, Southern Qinghai Province |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
79-84 |
| Keywords |
China; Qinghai; attitude; local-peoples; herders; livestock; predator; prey; cub; capture; poaching; blue-sheep; Release; grazing; yaks; goats; horses; domestic; ungulates; hunting; bones; fur; pelts; coats; conservation; trapping; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; local; protected; area; peoples; 3250 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved  |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 223 |
Serial |
371 |
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| Author |
Henschel, P.; Ray, J. |
| Title |
Leopards in African Rainforests: Survey and Monitoring Techniques |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
forest leopards; african rainforests; survey; monitoring techniques; lope reserve; gabon; central africa; congo; zaire; field testing; populations; wild meat; relative abundance; density; live-trapping; presence and absense surveys; ad-hoc survey; bushmeat; systematic survey; monitoring; individual identification; tracks; Discriminant Function Analysis; genotyping; scat; Hair; Dna; remote photography; camera trapping; capture rates; Trailmaster; Camtrakker; bait; duikers; pigs; elephant; bongo; okapi; human hunters; 5300 |
| Abstract |
Monitoring Techniques Forest leopards have never been systematically surveyed in African forests, in spite of their potentially vital ecological role as the sole large mammalian predators in these systems. Because leopards are rarely seen in this habitat, and are difficult to survey using the most common techniques for assessing relative abundances of forest mammals, baseline knowledge of leopard ecology and responses to human disturbance in African forests remain largely unknown. This technical handbook sums up the experience gained during a two-year study of leopards by Philipp Henschel in the Lop‚ Reserve in Gabon, Central Africa, in 2001/2002, supplemented by additional experience from carnivore studies conducted by Justina Ray in southwestern Central African Republic and eastern Congo (Zaire) . The main focus of this effort has been to develop a protocol that can be used by fieldworkers across west and central Africa to estimate leopard densities in various forest types. In developing this manual, Henschel tested several indirect methods to assess leopard numbers in both logged and unlogged forests, with the main effort devoted to testing remote photography survey methods developed for tigers by Karanth (e.g., Karanth 1995, Karanth & Nichols 1998; 2000; 2002), and modifying them for the specific conditions characterizing African forest environments. This handbook summarizes the results of the field testing, and provides recommendations for techniques to assess leopard presence/absence, relative abundance, and densities in African forest sites. We briefly review the suitability of various methods for different study objectives and go into particular detail on remote photography survey methodology, adapting previously developed methods and sampling considerations specifically to the African forest environment. Finally, we briefly discuss how camera trapping may be used as a tool to survey other forest mammals. Developing a survey protocol for African leopards is a necessary first step towards a regional assessment and priority setting exercise targeted at forest leopards, similar to those carried out on large carnivores in Asian and South American forests. |
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Wildlife Conservation Society |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 515 |
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382 |
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| Author |
Hussain, I. |
| Title |
Conserving Biodiversity through Institutional Diversity: Concept Paper |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Iunc; status; distribution; Baltistan; Pakistan; herders; farmers; conservation; killing; poaching; conflict; livestock; predator; prey; retaliatory-killing; economy; corral; capture; trapping; Project-snow-leopard; ecotourism; tourism; compensation; markhor; trekking; browse; retaliatory; 3910 |
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Full Text at URL |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 362 |
Serial |
397 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Ahlborn, G.; Shah, K.B. |
| Title |
Capture and Immobilization of wild snow leopards |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards |
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6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
93-102 |
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capture; immobilization; trapping; browse; traps; snares; ketamine; hydrochloride; Nepal; research; 3370 |
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Full text at URL |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 169 |
Serial |
445 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Zongyi, W.; Xuedong, L.; Yun, C. |
| Title |
Snow Leopards in the Qomolangma Nature Preserve of Tibet Autonomous Region |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
85-95 |
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Qomolangma; protected-area; parks; preserves; refuge; Nepal; Tibet; China; field-study; blue-sheep; scrapes; sprays; scat; feces; pug-marks; sign; transects; interviews; herders; livestock; predation; predator; traps; trapping; habitat; status; distribution; threats; hunting; pelts; skins; fur; coats; poaching; bones; medicine; Cites; conflict; trade; conservation; management; protected area; protected; area; areas; protected areas; field study; field; study; pug marks; blue; sheep; browse; pug; marks; 3490 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 231 |
Serial |
452 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R. |
| Title |
Linking Snow Leopard Conservation and People-Wildlife Conflict Resolution, Summary of a multi-country project aimed at developing grass-roots measures to protect the endangered snow leopard from herder retribution |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
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Pages |
12-15 |
| Keywords |
livestock-depredation; livestock; pastoralists; herders; Pakistan; Nepal; Tibet; Mongolia; India; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; snow-leopard-incentive-program; economics; tourism; pens; corrals; enclosures; trapping; poisoning; killing; cubs; dens; retribution; behavior; predator; prey; Qomolangma; habitat; feces; fecal-analysis; compensation; Dogs; guard-dogs; religion; conservation; browse; depredation; snow; leopard; incentive; program; fecal; analysis; guard; Dog; 4000 |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URL |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 375 |
Serial |
464 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. |
| Title |
Surveying Snow Leopard Populations with Emphasis on Camera Trapping: A Handbook |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2005 |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-73 |
| Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; survey; conservation; populations; population; camera; camera trapping; trapping; Chinese |
| Abstract |
This handbook provides an introduction to snow leopard population survey techniques, followed by a detailed account of camera trapping methods.During the 2002 through 2004 winter field seasons, the Snow Leopard Conservancy experimented with infrared camera trapping techniques to define a methodology suitable for the high altitude environment.
In 2001 and 2002, much of our time was spent familiarizing ourselves with various infrared camera traps, their operation and setup, and comparing the effectiveness of different models and sensor types. We placed infrared camera traps along frequently used travel corridors at or near scent-sprayed rocks (rock scents) and scrape sites within 16 km2 sampling cells between January and March in 2003 and 2004. A total of 66 and 49 captures of snow leopards were tallied during 2003 and 2004, resulting in an overall capture success of 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap-nights, respectively. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.46. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 ± 0.22 individuals per 100 km2 in 2003 to 4.45 ± 0.16 in 2004, with the disparity between years largely attributed to different trapping densities. Snow leopard abundance estimates were calculated using the computer program CAPTURE. |
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The Snow Leopard Conservancy |
Place of Publication |
Sonoma, California |
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Chinese |
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| Notes |
Chinese translation. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1015 |
Serial |
473 |
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| Author |
Anonymous |
| Title |
International Specialists Discuss China's Threatened Cats |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1992 |
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Pages |
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China; Iucn; habitat; predator; prey; livestock; herders; conflict; hunting; poaching; trapping; bones; medicine; trade; development; Slims; Cites; protected-areas; parks; preserves; reserves; refuge; browse; protected; areas; 3990 |
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Full text at URL |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 186 |
Serial |
80 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. |
| Title |
Camera-Trapping of Snow Leopards |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Cat News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
42 |
Issue |
Spring |
Pages |
19-21 |
| Keywords |
camera trapping; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; felids; tigers; tiger; techniques; surveys; survey; information; factor; marking; behavior; Ahlborn; Jackson; habitat; status; range; census; India; Hemis; High; national; national park; National-park; park; Ladakh; leh |
| Abstract |
Solitary felids like tigers and snow leopards are notoriously difficult to enumerate, and indirect techniques like pugmark surveys often produce ambiguous information that is difficult to interpret because many factors influence marking behavior and frequency (Ahlborn & Jackson 1988). Considering the snow leopard's rugged habitat, it is not surprising then that information on its current status and occupied range is very limited. We adapted the camera-trapping techniques pioneered by Ullas Karanth and his associates for counting Bengal tigers to the census taking of snow leopards in the Rumbak watershed of the India's Hemis High Altitude National Park (HNP), located in Ladakh near Leh (76ø 50' to 77ø 45' East; 33ø 15' to 34ø 20'North). |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1017 |
Serial |
475 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. |
| Title |
Estimating Snow Leopard Population Abundance Using Photography and Capture-Recapture Techniques |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Wildlife Society Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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34 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
772-781 |
| Keywords |
abundance; camera trapping; capture rates; dentistry; identification; India; photography; snow leopard; Uncia uncia |
| Abstract |
Conservation and management of snow leopards (Uncia uncial) has largely relied on anecdotal evidence and presence-absence data due to their cryptic nature and the difficult terrain they inhabit. These methods generally lack the scientific rigor necessary to accurately estimate population size and monitor trends. We evaluated the use of photography in capture-mark-recapture (CMR) techniques for estimating snow leopard population abundance and density within Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India. We placed infrared camera traps along actively used travel paths, scent-sprayed rocks, and scrape sites within 16-30 kmý sampling grids in successive winters during January and March 2003-2004. We used head-on, oblique, and side-view camera configurations to obtain snow leopard photographs at varying body orientations. We calculated snow leopard abundance estimates using the program CAPTURE. We obtained a total of 66 and 49 snow leopard captures resulting in 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap nights during 2003 and 2004, respectively. We identified snow leopards based on the distinct pelage patters located primarily on the forelimbs, flanks, and dorsal surface of the tail. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.67. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 (SE+0.22) individuals per 100 kmý in 2003 to 4.45 (SE+0.16) in 2004. We believe the density disparity between years is attributable to different trap density and placement rather than to an actual decline in population size. Our results suggest that photographic capture-mark-recapture sampling may be a useful tool for monitoring demographic patterns. However, we believe a larger sample size would be necessary for generating a statistically robust estimate of population density and abundance based on CMR models. |
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SLN @ rana @ 912 |
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476 |
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