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Records |
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Author |
Burgener, N.; Gusset, M.; Schmid, H. |
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Title |
Frustrated appetitive foraging behavior, stereotypic pacing, and fecal glucocorticoid levels in snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in the Zurich Zoo |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
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Pages |
74-83 |
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Keywords |
behavior; captive; fecal; feeding strategy; physiological; snow leopard; zoo |
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Abstract |
This study hypothesized that permanently frustrated, appetitive-foraging behavior caused the stereotypic pacing regularly observed in captive carnivores. Using 2 adult female snow leopards (Uncia uncia), solitarily housed in the Zurich Zoo, the study tested this hypothesis experimentally with a novel feeding method: electronically controlled, time-regulated feeding boxes. The expected result of employing this active foraging device as a successful coping strategy was reduced behavioral and physiological measures of stress, compared with a control-feeding regime without feeding boxes. The study assessed this through behavioral observations and by evaluating glucocorticoid levels noninvasively from feces. Results indicated that the 2 snow leopards did not perform successful coping behavior through exercising active foraging behavior or through displaying the stereotypic pacing. The data support a possible explanation: The box-feeding method did not provide the 2 snow leopards with the external stimuli to satisfy their appetitive behavioral needs. Moreover, numerous other factors not necessarily or exclusively related to appetitive behavior could have caused and influenced the stereotypic pacing. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 915 |
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202 |
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Author |
Chalise, M.K.; Shakya, P.R. |
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Title |
EDITORIAL: Snow Leopard Investigation in Langtang |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Nahson Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12-13 |
Issue |
2002-2003 |
Pages |
1-1 |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; Langtang |
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Natural History Society of Nepal |
Place of Publication |
Kathmandu |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1097 |
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210 |
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Author |
Chalise, M.K. |
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Title |
Nepalka Samrakshit Banyajantu (Nepal's Protected Wildlife in Nepali language) |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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106-108 |
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Keywords |
government; language; leopard; leopards; Nepal; protected; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; wildlife |
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Shajha Prakashan |
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Lalitpur, Kathmandu |
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In Nepalese language only. Includes only the chapter on snow leopards and the book cover. The book is published by a government corporate house of publication. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1058 |
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211 |
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Author |
Clyde, V.L.; Ramsay, E.C.; Bemis, D.A. |
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Title |
Fecal shedding of Salmonella in exotic felids |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
J.Zoo Wildl.Med |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
28 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
148-152 |
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Keywords |
antibiotics; captive-animal-care; diarrhea; endangered; threatened-species; handling-methods; mammals parasites; Diseases; salmonella; zoos; snow-leopard; leopard; salmonellosis; husbandry; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; mammals; parasites; snow; browse; 1320 |
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The authors discuss the occurrence of salmonellosis in collections of exotic felids. Data suggest that zoo employees having contact with cat feces or raw diets have a high rate of occupational exposure to Salmonella and should exercise appropriate hygienic precautions. pcp |
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Milwaukee Cty. Zoo, Milwaukee, WI 53226
Document Type: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 304 |
Serial |
227 |
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Author |
Desch, C. |
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Title |
A new species of hair follicle mite (Acari: Demodecidae) from the snow leopard, Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775) (Felidae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
International Journal of Acarology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
1 |
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63-67 |
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Keywords |
snow-leopard; mites; mite; zoo; zoos; veterinary; medical; medicine; snow leopard; browse; 1440 |
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A new species of Demodex is described, in all instars, from the rare and endangered snow leopard, Panthera uncia. This represents only the second demodecid from the family Felidae and the first from a wild cat species. The mite specimens were taken from juvenile hosts raised in captivity. Demodex uncii sp. nov. closely resembles Demodex cati. |
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Document Type: English |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 190 |
Serial |
236 |
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Author |
Dexel, B. |
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Title |
Snow leopard conservation: a NABU project in Kyrgyzstan |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Oryx |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
354-355 |
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Keywords |
conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Nabu; project; snow leopard |
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Conservation news section. NABU (German Society for Conservation) project. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 992 |
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238 |
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Author |
Dexel, B. |
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Title |
Snow Leopard Conservation In Kyrgyzstan: Enforcement, Education and Research Activities By the German Society for Nature Conservation (NABU) |
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Conference Article |
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2002 |
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Keywords |
kyrgystan; fur; traders; enforcement; conservation; Nabu; snow; leopard; strategy; illegal; trade; bones; law; education; environmental; 4920 |
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Islt |
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Islt |
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival Summit
Place of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 478 |
Serial |
239 |
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Author |
Dexel, B. |
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Title |
The illegal trade in snow leopards – a global perspective |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
5-17 |
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Keywords |
conservation; german; Germany; global; illegal; illegal-trade; leopard; leopards; nature; nature conservation; project; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopard project; snow leopards; trade |
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Notes |
Coordinator Snow Leopard Project, German Society for Nature Conservation, Berlin, Germany. Email: birga.dexel@nabu.de |
Approved |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 916 |
Serial |
240 |
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Author |
Dyikanova, C. |
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Title |
A public awareness outreach programme on Snow Leopards for the Kyrgyz Republic, Final Report |
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Report |
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Year |
2004 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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1-4 |
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Keywords |
project; awareness; local; local people; people; staff; Base; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; ecology; threats; threat; Kyrgyzstan; regional; areas; area; public; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Report; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; community |
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The principle goal of the project was to raise awareness of local people, staff of frontier posts,
customs and foreign military base on snow leopard, and its conservation. In the framework of the
project the following steps were to be executed:
A) To disseminate printing materials: a booklet, poster, card and calendar.
b) To publish articles on snow leopard ecology and conservation issues and threats in
Kyrgyzstan regional newspapers (Issyk-Kul, Osh, and Chui areas)
C) To hold follow-up meeting with target groups
D) To evaluate project results |
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Notes |
Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Community and Business Forum, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1066 |
Serial |
248 |
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Author |
Emanoil, M. |
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Title |
Snow leopard: Uncia (panthers) uncia |
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Book Chapter |
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1994 |
Publication |
Encyclopedia of Endangered Species |
Abbreviated Journal |
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205-206 |
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Keywords |
endangered; endangered species; snow leopard; uncia |
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IUCN, Gale Research Inc. |
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Emanoil, M. |
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SLN @ rana @ 963 |
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253 |
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Author |
Espinosa-Aviles, D.; Taylor, M.L.; Del Rocio Reyes-Montes, M.; Pe'rez-Torrez, A. |
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Title |
Molecular findings of disseminated histoplasmosis in two captive snow leopards (Uncia uncia) |
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Miscellaneous |
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2008 |
Publication |
Journal-of-Zoo-and-Wildlife-Medicine |
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39 |
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450-454 |
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captive; histoplasmosis; Immunohistochemistry; Molecular; snow leopard; Uncia uncia |
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This paper reports two cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in captive snow leopards (Uncia uncia). Histoplasmosis was diagnosed based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and molecular findings. |
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SLN @ rana @ 907 |
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268 |
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Author |
Fix, A.S.; Riordan, D.P.; Hill, H.T.; Gill, M.A.; Evans, M.B. |
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Title |
Feline panleukopena virus and subsequent canine-distemper virus infection in two snow leopards (Panthera uncia) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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20 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
273-281 |
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diagnosis; fecal; Fpv; leukemia; panleukopenia; panthera uncia; snow leopard; therapy; vaccination; veterinary; Virus; zoo |
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Abstract |
Two adult snow leopards (Panthera uncia), male and female, both with vaccinations current, became infected with feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) at the Blank Park Zoo, Des Moines, Iowa, in late 1988. Clinical signs included weakness, hemorrhagic feces, fever, seizures, and nasal discharge. Blood analysis revealed severe lymphopenia and mild anemia. A positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for FPV on fecal contents from the male leopard confirmed the diagnosis. In spite of intensive therapy, both animals died. Necropsy of the female, which survived for 1 wk after onset of signs, revealed intestinal crypt necrosis, pulmonary consolidation, necrotizing laryngitis, and diffuse lymphoid depletion. The male leopard, which lived 3 wk after onset of illness, had similar enteric and lymphoid lesions. In addition, there was a severe interstitial pneumonia, with syncytial cells containing eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Ultrastructural characteristics of these inclusions featured tubular structures consistent with a paramyxovirus. Although repeated virus isolation attempts from the affected lung were negative, polyclonal and monoclonal fluorescent antibody tests were strongly positive for canine distemper virus (CDV). Frozen paired sera from each leopard demonstrated very high acute and convalescing titers to FPV; both animals also seroconverted to CDV, with titers in the male leopard higher than those in the female. Additional tests for toxoplasmosis, feline infectious peritonitis, feline rhinotracheitis, feline calicivirus, feline leukemia, canine parainfluenza, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus were all negative. The neurologic signs present in these leopards remained unexplained, but may have been attributable to CDV infection. A feral cat trapped on zoo property had feces positive for FPV by ELISA. Although the specific contributions of FPV and CDV toward the development of this case are unknown, it is likely that initial FPV-induced immunosuppression allowed the subsequent development of CDV in these snow leopards. The likelihood that initial FPV infection came from feral cats underscores the importance of feral animal control on zoo premises. |
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Addresses:FIX AS, IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT VET PATHOL,AMES,IA 50011IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,VET DIAGNOST LAB,AMES,IA 50011BLANK PK ZOO,DES MOINES,IA 50315NORDEN LABS INC,LINCOLN,NE 68501NATL VET SERV LABS,AMES,IA 50010 Publisher:AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS, MEDIA Connective Phrase: English |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 147 |
Serial |
277 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Foose, T.J. |
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Title |
A Species Survival PLan (SSP) for snow leopard, Panthera uncia: Genetic and demographic analysis and management |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
81-102 |
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Keywords |
analysis; demographic; International; management; Panthera-uncia; pedigree; snow leopard; Species-Survival-Plan; species survival plan; Ssp |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1028 |
Serial |
280 |
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Author |
Fox, J. |
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Title |
A Review of the Status and Ecology of the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
5440; status; ecology; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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Booklet |
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SLN @ rana @ 528 |
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285 |
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Author |
Fox, J.L. |
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Title |
Conflict between predators and people in Ladakh |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Cat News |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
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Pages |
18 |
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Keywords |
asia; India; behavior; endangered; threatened-species; mammals; management; predation; public relations; reserves; refuges; parks; wildlife; human-relationships; livestock; sheep; goats; prey; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; protected-area; Hemis; browse; Islt; International; snow; leopard; trust; public; Relations; Human; relationships; protected; 640 |
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Abstract |
During a six-week period in Hemis National Park, Ladakh, India, snow leopards killed 10 sheep and goats and one leopard gained access to a livestock pen and killed many of the animals inside. Dholes also killed sheep and goats, and a wolf killed a young horse. Residents routinely remove snow leopard cubs from their dens to limit future damage by this species. How to deal with the plight of the people living in the area while still protecting the endangered species are major concerns of the International Snow Leopard Trust, which manages Hemis National Park. lgh. |
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AUTHOR ADDRESS: Dep. Ecol./Zool., IBG Univ. Tromso, Tromso, Norway, ORIGINAL SOURCE: Snow Leopard News, Autumn 1997
Document Type: English
Call Number: WR99-007446 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 309 |
Serial |
310 |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
A preliminary study of the behaviour of captive snow leopards (Panthera uncia) |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
International Zoo Yearbook |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
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Pages |
217-222 |
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Keywords |
study; behaviour; captive; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; International; zoo |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1010 |
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313 |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
The snow leopard, today and yesterday |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 2 |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
37-43 |
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captive; captive populations; captivity; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1049 |
Serial |
316 |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
Snow leopard: a cooperative study between zoos |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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Volume |
2 |
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Pages |
127-136 |
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snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; study; zoos; zoo; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1086 |
Serial |
317 |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
Characteristics of the social behavior in the snow leopard |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
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3 |
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117-120 |
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behavior; International; pedigree; snow leopard; social; social-behavior |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1029 |
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318 |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
The view from here: permit hunting of snow leopards |
Type |
Magazine Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
Winter |
Pages |
2-3 |
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hunting; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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SLN @ rana @ 964 |
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323 |
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Author |
Gajurel, D. |
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Title |
Snow Leopards Found in Nepal's Langtang National Park |
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Unsupported: Electronic Citation |
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2006 |
Publication |
Environment News Service |
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Langtang; leopard; leopards; national; National-park; national park; Nepal; park; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; International |
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Environment News Service |
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Editor-in-Chief Sunny Lewis and Managing Editor Jim Crabtree |
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http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2006/2006-03-24-04.asp
International daily newswire |
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SLN @ rana @ 1059 |
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329 |
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Author |
Ganhar, J. |
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Title |
The Wildlife of Ladakh |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
1979 |
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Keywords |
Ladakh; snow-leopard; preserves; preserve; park; parks; refuge; protected-area; Hemis; snow leopard; browse; protected; area; 1920 |
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Haramukh Publications |
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Srinagar, India |
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ProCite field [12]: (1979) |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 48 |
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331 |
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Author |
Gaughan, M.; Doherty, J. |
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Title |
Snow leopard rearing: Infant development with particular emphasis on play behaviour |
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Book Chapter |
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1982 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 |
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3 |
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121-126 |
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behaviour; captive; development; International; rearing; snow leopard; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1030 |
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334 |
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Government of India |
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Title |
The snow leopard conservation scheme |
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Report |
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1988 |
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1-29 |
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conservation; environment; government; India; snow leopard |
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Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India |
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SLN @ rana @ 945 |
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340 |
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Author |
Graham, L.H.; Goodrowe, K.L.; Raeside, J.I.; Liptrap, R.M. |
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Title |
Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in several felid species by measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestins |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Zoo Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
223-237 |
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Keywords |
Artificial-Breeding-Program; captive-management; Estradiol-17beta; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Progestin; sexual-behavior; genetics; zoo; medicine; veterinary; snow-leopard; feces; fecal-analysis; snow leopard; artificial; breeding; program; captive; management; Estradiol; 17beta; sexual; behavior; browse; snow; leopard; fecal; analysis; 1390 |
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An extraction and assay procedure to measure fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations in several cat species was developed and validated for use for noninvasive monitoring of ovarian function. Fecal samples were collected over a range of 3-20 months from female tigers (three), lions (three), snow leopards (three), cheetahs (two), caracals (two), and domestic cats (five). Samples were extracted with 90% methanol, lipids removed with petroleum ether, and the estradiol and progestins in the methanol measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fractionation and subsequent RIA of the fractions indicated that the estradiol-17-beta antiserum cross-reacted primarily with estradiol-17-beta in the feces of lions and tigers and was assumed to be specific for estradiol-17-beta in the feces of other species as well. However, there were several immunoreactive compounds, presumably progesterone metabolites, excreted in the feces which varied both quantitatively and qualitatively among species. The behavior of tigers, lions, cheetahs, and caracals was visually monitored during the collection period and frequency of sexual behaviors was positively correlated with increases in fecal estradiol in all species observed. The mean fecal estradiol-17-beta peaks were as follows: tigers, 128.0 +- 13.1; lions, 186.0 +- 14.8; snow leopards, 136.7 +- 15.9; cheetahs, 140.9 +- 9.0; caracals, 24.5 +- 4.0; and domestic cats 158.9 +- 19.3 ng/gm. Fecal progestin concentrations rose significantly (P lt 0,001) only after breeding or during pregnancy and were as follows: tigers, 5.6 +- 0.6; lions, 1.9 +- 0.1; cheetahs, 8.4 +- 1.1; and caracals, 2.4 +- 0.4 mu-g/gm. Fecal progestins were elevated for one-half to two-thirds of the gestation length during presumed pseudopregnancy but remained elevated throughout successful pregnancies. These results suggest that ovarian function can be monitored noninvasively in the family Felidae by the measurement of fecal estradiol-17-beta and progestin concentrations. |
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Document Type: English |
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SLN @ rana @ 279 |
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345 |
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