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Author Clyde, V.L.; Ramsay, E.C.; Bemis, D.A.
Title Fecal shedding of Salmonella in exotic felids Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication J.Zoo Wildl.Med Abbreviated Journal
Volume 28 Issue 2 Pages 148-152
Keywords antibiotics; captive-animal-care; diarrhea; endangered; threatened-species; handling-methods; mammals parasites; Diseases; salmonella; zoos; snow-leopard; leopard; salmonellosis; husbandry; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; handling; mammals; parasites; snow; browse; 1320
Abstract (up) The authors discuss the occurrence of salmonellosis in collections of exotic felids. Data suggest that zoo employees having contact with cat feces or raw diets have a high rate of occupational exposure to Salmonella and should exercise appropriate hygienic precautions. pcp
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Notes Milwaukee Cty. Zoo, Milwaukee, WI 53226 Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 304 Serial 227
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Author Reed-Smith, J.; Kumpf, M.
Title Snow leopards (Uncia uncia): family group management alternatives Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Anim.Keepers' Forum Abbreviated Journal
Volume 25 Issue 10 Pages 386-391
Keywords behavior; captive-animal-care; endangered; threatened-species; intraspecies-relationships; mammals; techniques; zoos; snow leopard; husbandry; browse; captive; Animal; care; threatened; species; intraspecies; relationships; 1300
Abstract (up) The authors offer insights into creating family groups of snow leopards in zoos. The programs at the Denver Zoo, Denver, Colorado, and at John Ball Zoological Gardens, Grand Rapids, Michigan, are highlighted. lgh.
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Notes Document Type: English Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 340 Serial 814
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Author Esipov V.M.
Title The nature reserve in the spurs of Tien Shan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1978 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Vol.8. Issue Pages 8
Keywords Uzbekistan; Chatkal nature reserve; location; Animals; snow leopard.; 6560; Russian
Abstract (up) The Chatkal state mountain forest nature reserve is located in western spurs of the Chatkal ridge. The permanent inhabitants of the nature reserve are ibex, wild boar, roe-deer, bear, badger, porcupine, stone marten, fox, ermine, Menzbier's marmot, and relict suslik (gopher), and bird species such as gray partridge, snow-cock, black vulture, griffon vulture, etc. Under special protection are rare animal and bird species such as snow leopard, Menzbier's marmot, bearded vulture, golden eagle, etc.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Journal `Soviet Uzbekistan Today' Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 634 Serial 263
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Author Bannikov A.G.
Title Mountains of Middle Asia and Kazakhstan Type Miscellaneous
Year 1966 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 222-223
Keywords Middle Asia; Kazakhstan; nature reserves; plants; Animals; snow leopard; preys.; 6130
Abstract (up) The data on geographical location, plants and animals of mountain nature reserves of Middle Asia and Kazakhstan are given. Snow leopard and its preys (wild ibexes and sheep) were recorded in both Almaty and Aksu Jabagly nature reserves.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Visiting of Soviet Union nature reserves. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 591 Serial 112
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Author Golub O.N.
Title The Ramit nature reserve and its problems Type Miscellaneous
Year 1981 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 60-61
Keywords Tajikistan; Ramit nature reserve; Animals; snow leopard; ibex; number; threats.; 6770; Russian
Abstract (up) The following Red Data Book species inhabit the Ramit nature reserve: snow leopard, bear, lynx, otter, Bukhara deer, etc. Its population is indicated to be closely related to number of ibex (150 animals). The latter is subject to heavy anthropogenic pressure when migrating outside the nature reserve in winter.
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: The status and perspectives of wildlife protection in the USSR. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 655 Serial 337
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Author Afanasiev Y.G.
Title The Karatau nature reserve Type Miscellaneous
Year 1988 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 20-33
Keywords Kazakhstan; Karatau nature reserve; plants; Animals; snow leopard.; 5880; Russian
Abstract (up) The Karatau ridge is an extreme north-west spur of the Tien Shan mountain system. Flora of Karatau is represented by no less than 1,500 higher vessel plant species. Karatau and the adjacent areas host 16 reptile species, 114 bird and 42 mammal species. Snow leopard disappeared from fauna of Karatau in 20th century. In 1940-s, the animal species was met at the highest point of the ridge in the Manjilki area, particularly in tract Kor-Djailau. Now there are no snow leopards in the area under study a fact evidenced by local hunters and shepherds.
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Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Full text available in RussianJournal Title: New nature reserves of Kazakhstan. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 567 Serial 35
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Author Raghavan, B.; Bhatnagar, Y.; Qureshi, Q.
Title Interactions between livestock and Ladakh urial (Ovis vignei vignei); final report Type Report
Year 2003 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-46
Keywords Interactions; interaction; livestock; Ladakh; urial; ovis; endangered; Animal; Iucn; 2000; Cites; indian; wildlife; protection; number; 1960; 70; hunting; meat; fox; Chundawat; population; range; species; recent; humans; Human; Pressure; habitat; areas; area; human activity; activity; activities; agriculture; pastoralism; development; dam; Base; threats; threat; poaching; grazing; trans-himalaya; transhimalaya; Competition; resource; presence; India; project; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; trust; program
Abstract (up) The Ladakh urial (Ovis vignei vignei) is a highly endangered animal (IUCN Red List 2000) listed in the Appendix 1 of CITES and Schedule 1 of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972. Its numbers had been reduced to a few hundred individuals in the 1960s and 70s through hunting for trophies and meat (Fox et al. 1991, Mallon 1983, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, IUCN Red List 2000). However, with the protection bestowed by the IWPA 1972, and resultant decrease in hunting, the population seems to have shown a marginal increase to about 1000-1500 individuals in its range in Ladakh (Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, IUCN Red List 2000). Although the species had in the past, been able to coexist with the predominantly Buddhist society of Ladakh, the recent increase in the population of both humans and their livestock has placed immense pressures on its habitat (Shackleton 1997, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2003). This is especially important considering that the Ladakh urial habitat coincides with the areas of maximum human activity in terms of settlements, agriculture, pastoralism and development, in Ladakh (Fox et al. 1991, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2003). Increased developmental activities such as construction of roads, dams, and military bases in these areas have also increased the access to their habitat. This has consequently made the species more vulnerable to the threats of poaching and habitat destruction (Fox et al. 1991, Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2002). Pressure from increased livestock grazing is one of the major threats faced by the species today (Shackleton 1997, Fox et al. 1991, Mallon 1983, IUCN Red List 2000 Chundawat and Qureshi 1999, Raghavan and Bhatnagar 2003). In the impoverished habitat provided by the Trans-Himalayas, there is great competition for the scarce resources between various animal species surviving here (Fox 1996, Mishra 2001). The presence of livestock intensifies this competition and can either force the species out of its niche (competitive exclusion) by displacing it from that area or resource, or lead to partitioning of resources between the species, spatially or temporally, for coexistence (Begon et al. 1986, Gause 1934).
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Notes Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Wildlife Institute of India. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1075 Serial 802
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Author Johnston, L.A.; Donoghue, A.M.; O'Brien, S.J.; Wildt, D.E.
Title Rescue and maturation in vitro of follicular oocytes collected from nondomestic felid species Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Biol Reprod Abbreviated Journal
Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 898-906
Keywords Animal; Carnivora; anatomy; histology; physiology; Cells; Cultured; Female; Fertilization; Vitro; inVitro; Male; Oocytes; cytology; growth; development; ovarian; Follicle; Spermatozoa; Support; Non-U.S.Gov't; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; non; us; gov't; government; 230
Abstract (up) The potential for rescuing immature oocytes from the ovaries of females of rare felid species which die or undergo medical ovariohysterectomy was evaluated. Ovaries were recovered from 13 species representing 35 individuals in good-to-poor health. Although the majority of females were 10 yr of age or older and in fair-to-poor health, a total of 846 oocytes were recovered of which 608 (71.9%) were classified as fair-to- excellent quality. One hundred of these oocytes were used for initial maturation classification and as parthogenetic controls. Overall, of the 508 fair-to-excellent quality oocytes placed in culture, 164 (32.3%) matured to metaphase II in vitro. For species in which 3 or more individuals yielded oocytes, mean oocyte maturation rates were as follows: 36.2%, tiger; 27.9% leopard; and 8.3%, cheetah. In vitro insemination of oocytes resulted in fertilization (2 polar bodies, 2 pronuclei, or cleavage) rates of 9.1% to 28.6% (leopard) using homologous fresh spermatozoa and 4.0% (lion) to 40.0% (puma) using homologous frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Inseminations using heterologous (domestic cat) spermatozoa also resulted in fertilized oocytes in the tiger, leopard, snow leopard, puma, serval, and Geoffroy's cat (range in fertilization rate, 5.0% for leopard to 46.2% for puma). Cleaved embryos resulted from the insemination of leopard oocytes with homologous sperm (n = 1 embryo) and puma oocytes with domestic cat sperm (n = 3 embryos). These results demonstrate that immature ovarian oocytes from rare felid species can be stimulated to mature in vitro despite an excision-to-culture interval as long as 36 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 172 Serial 503
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Author Jack, R.
Title DNA Testing and GPS positioning of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) genetic material in the Khunjerab National Park Northern Areas, Pakistan Type Report
Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-15
Keywords project; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; network; conservation; program; Dna; Gps; panthera; panthera uncia; Panthera-uncia; uncia; Khunjerab; Khunjerab-National-Park; national; national park; National-park; park; areas; area; Pakistan; protection; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; local; local people; people; information; number; range; Animals; Animal; study; distribution; management; professional; techniques; capture; use; field; country; China; border; work; art; Gis; Forest; manage; Wwf; maps; map; location; training; research; mountain
Abstract (up) The protection of Snow Leopards in the remote and economically disadvantaged Northern Areas of Pakistan needs local people equipped with the skills to gather and present information on the number and range of individual animals in their area. It is important for the success of a conservation campaign that the people living in the area are engaged in the conservation process. Snow Leopards are elusive and range through inhospitable terrain so direct study is difficult. Consequently the major goals for this project were twofold, to gather information on snow leopard distribution in this area and to train local university students and conservation management professionals in the techniques used for locating snow leopards without the need to capture or even see the animals. This project pioneered the use of DNA testing of field samples collected in Pakistan to determine the distribution of snow leopards and to attempt to identify individuals. These were collected in and around that country's most northerly national park, the Kunjurab National Park, which sits on the Pakistan China border. Though the Northern Areas is not a well developed part of Pakistan, it does possess a number of institutions that can work together to strengthen snow leopard conservation. The first of these is a newly established University with students ready to be trained in the skills needed. Secondly WWF-Pakistan has an office in the main town and a state of the art GIS laboratory in Lahore and already works closely with the Forest Department who manage the national park. All three institutions worked together in this project with WWF providing GIS expertise, the FD rangers, and the university students carrying out the laboratory work. In addition in the course of the project the University of the Punjab in Lahore also joined the effort, providing laboratory facilities for the students. As a result of this project maps have been produced showing the location of snow leopards in

two areas. Preliminary DNA evidence indicates that there is more than one animal in this

relatively small area, but the greatest achievement of this project is the training and

experience gained by the local students. For one student this has been life changing. Due to

the opportunities provided by this study the student, Nelofar gained significant scientific

training and as a consequence she is now working as a lecturer and research officer for the

Center for Integrated Mountain Research, New Campus University of the Punjab, Lahore

Pakistan
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Notes Project funded by Snow Leopard Network's Snow Leopard Conservation Grant Program. Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1067 Serial 427
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Author Trepanier, L.A.; Cribb, A.E.; Spielberg, S.P.; Ray, K.
Title Deficiency of cytosolic arylamine N-acetylation in the domestic cat and wild felids caused by the presence of a single NAT1-like gene Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Pharmacogenetics Abbreviated Journal
Volume 8 Issue 2 Pages 169-179
Keywords Acetylation; Amino; Acid; Sequence; Animal; Arylamine; N-Acetyltransferase; metabolism; Base; Blotting; Southern; Carnivora; genetics; Cats; Cytosol; enzymology; Dna; Human; Isoenzymes; Liver; Molecular; Data; Polymerase; Chain; Reaction; Rabbits; Homology; Nucleic Acid; Substrate; Specificity; Support; U.S.Gov't; P.H.S.; browse; nucleic; us; government; 130
Abstract (up) The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular basis for a relative deficiency in the cat of cytosolic arylamine N- acetyltransferase (NAT), an enzyme family that is important in the metabolism of xenobiotics and that normally consists of at least two related enzymes, NAT1 and NAT2. N-acetyltransferase in feline liver showed high affinity (mean Km = 2.1 microM) for p-aminobenzoic acid, an NAT1 selective substrate in humans and rabbits, but showed a very poor affinity (mean Km > 10 mM) for sulfamethazine, an NAT2 selective substrate in humans and rabbits. Immunoreactive N-acetyltransferase was detected in feline liver, bladder and colon using an NAT1-specific antipeptide antibody, but was not detected in any tissues using an NAT2- specific antibody. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA demonstrated a single band in domestic cats using each of six restriction digests; single bands were also found on Southern blot analysis of six wild felids. The deduced amino acid sequence of the central portion of feline N-acetyltransferase, obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification in both domestic cats and seven wild felids (lion, tiger, lynx, snow leopard, bobcat, Asian leopard cat and cheetah), contained three residues, Phe125, Arg127, and Tyr129, which determine NAT1-like substrate specificity in humans. These results support the conclusion that cytosolic arylamine N-acetylation activity is low in the cat because of the presence of a single N-acetyltransferase that has substrate specificity, immunogenicity and sequence characteristics similar to human NAT1, and that the unusual presence of only a single N- acetyltransferase gene appears to be a family wide trait shared by other felids.
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Notes Document Type: eng Approved no
Call Number SLN @ rana @ 345 Serial 968
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