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Mishra, C.; Van Wieren S.; Ketner, P.; Heitkonig, I.; Prins H. |
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Title |
Competition between domestic livestock and wild bharal Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya |
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2004 |
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Journal of Animal Ecology |
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73 |
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344-354 |
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blue sheep,diet,grazing,rangeland,resource,ungulate,wildlife; 5320 |
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Abstract  |
1. The issue of competition between livestock and wild herbivores has remained contentious. We studied the diets and population structures of the mountain ungulate bharal Pseudois nayaur and seven species of livestock to evaluate whether or not they compete for forage. The study was conducted in the high altitude Spiti Valley, Indian Trans-Himalaya.
2. We compared resource (forage) availability and bharal population structures between rangelands differing in livestock density. Forage availability was estimated by clipping the standing graminoid biomass in sample plots. Livestock and bharal population structures were quantified through annual censuses. Seasonal diets of livestock were studied by direct observations, while those of bharal were quantified through feeding
signs on vegetation.
3. We found that livestock grazing causes a significant reduction in the standing crop of forage. Graminoid availability per unit livestock biomass was three times greater in a moderately grazed rangeland compared with an intensively grazed one.
4. There was considerable diet overlap among the herbivore species. In summer, bharal, yak Bos grunniens, horse Equus caballus, cow Bos indicus, and dzomo (yak-cow hybrids) fed predominantly on graminoids, while donkey E. asinus, sheep Ovis aries, and goat Capra hircus, consumed both graminoids and herbs. The summer diet of bharal was a subset of the diets of three livestock species. In winter, depleted graminoid availability caused bharal, yak and horse to consume relatively more herbs, while the remaining livestock species fed predominantly on graminoids. Diet overlap was less in winter but, in both seasons, all important forage species in the bharal diet were consumed
in substantial amounts by one or more species of livestock.
5. Comparison of the population structures of bharal between two rangelands differing in livestock density by
c. 30% yielded evidence of resource competition. In the intensively grazed rangeland, bharal density was 63% lower, and bharal population showed poorer performance (lower young : adult female ratios).
6.Synthesis and applications High diet overlap between livestock and bharal, together with density-dependent forage limitation, results in resource competition and a decline in bharal density. Under the present conditions of high livestock density and supplemental feeding, restricting livestock numbers and creating livestockfree areas are necessary measures for conserving Trans-Himalayan wild herbivores. Mediating competitive effects on bharal through supplemental feeding is not a feasible option. |
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SLN @ rana @ 517 |
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695 |
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Author |
Ale, S. |
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Title |
Conservation of the snow leopard in Nepal |
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Nepal; radio-collars; tracking; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; conservation; livestock; religion; folklore; blue-sheep; blue; sheep; browse; radio collars; radio; collar; collars; annapurna conservation area; annapurna; area; protected; areas; 4080 |
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Full text available at URL |
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SLN @ rana @ 2 |
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51 |
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Ale, S., Shrestha, B., and Jackson, R. |
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Title |
On the status of Snow Leopard Panthera Uncia (Schreber 1775) in Annapurna, Nepal |
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2014 |
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Journal of Threatened Taxa |
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6(3) |
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5534-5543 |
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Keywords |
Annapurna, Blue Sheep, Buddhism, camera-trapping, Himalayas, Mustang, sign-survey, Snow Leopard. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1407 |
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Author |
Yongsheng, L. |
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Title |
International hunting and the involvement of local people in Dulan, Qinghai, China |
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1994 |
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305-314 |
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Qinghai; China; hunting; ungulates; blue-sheep; herders; herder; local; blue; sheep; browse; 3440 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 262 |
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1061 |
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Author |
Yangzom, D. |
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Title |
Qomolangma National Nature Preserve in Tibet |
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1997 |
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216-217 |
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Tibet; Xizang; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Qomolangma; blue-sheep; China; management; ecotourism; poaching; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; areas; 3060 |
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Islt |
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Lahore, Pakistan |
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R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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SLN @ rana @ 332 |
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1052 |
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Author |
Yanfa, L. |
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Title |
Snow leopard distribution, purchase locations and conservation in Qinghai Province, China |
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1994 |
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65-72 |
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conservation; Qinghai; China; scat; spray; kills; interviews; hunting; hunters; tracks; tracking; habitat; distribution; prey; livestock; blue-sheep; behavior; collection; blue; sheep; browse; 3400 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 260 |
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1047 |
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Author |
Xuedong, X.; Jackson, R.; Zongyi, W. |
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Title |
Herd characteristics and habitat use of a blue sheep population in the Qomolangma Nature Preserve |
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1994 |
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97-104 |
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Nepal; prey; Qomolangma; protected-area; parks; reserves; refuge; blue-sheep; habitat; Pseudois-nayaur; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; protected area; 3480 |
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Islt |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 263 |
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1041 |
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Author |
Xinchun, M. |
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Title |
Distribution in the wild and the captive raising of snow leopards in Xinjiang, China |
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Conference Article |
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1994 |
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157-162 |
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distribution; habitat; ibex; blue-sheep; argali; hides; skins; pelts; furs; coats; zoos; zoo; China; captivity; care; husbandry; feeding; diet; housing; Disease; blue; sheep; browse; 3770 |
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Islt |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 267 |
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1031 |
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Wikramanayake, E. |
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Tracking snow leopard and blue sheep, WWF conservationist Eric Wikramanayake goes on a wildlife survey in Bhutan |
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Bhutan; blue-sheep; surveys; Jigme-Dorji; parks; park; reserve; protected-area; refuge; habitat; blue; sheep; browse; Jigme; Dorji; protected; area; 3980 |
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SLN @ rana @ 8 |
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1021 |
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Author |
Schaller, G. |
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Title |
Wildlife Survey in Tibet, Report #8 |
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1988 |
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Tibet; survey; Kashi; Xinjiang; antelope; wild-ass; gazzele; argali; blue-sheep; yak; wolf; brown-bear; livestock; hunting; trapping; poaching; browse; 4300 |
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SLN @ rana @ 418 |
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856 |
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Schaller, G. |
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Title |
Survey of Mountain Wildlife in Xinjiang, Report # 7 |
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1988 |
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Xinjiang; Arjin; shan; Kunlun; Taxkorgan; reserve; park; protected-area; China; antelope; wild-ass; argali; blue-sheep; gazzele; wolf; browse; 4290 |
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SLN @ rana @ 392 |
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855 |
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Author |
Oli, M.K. |
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Title |
Snow leopards and local human population in a protected area: a case study from the Nepalese Himalaya |
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1994 |
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51-64 |
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Nepal; Himalaya; herders; herder; livestock; conservation; annapurna; protected-area; park; parks; reserve; refuge; blue-sheep; predator; prey; habitat; radio-tracking; diet; scat; feces; fecal; marmot; Manang; poaching; hunting; pelts; skins; furs; coats; grazing; burning; trekking; tourism; education; religion; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; protected area; radio tracking; radio; tracking; annapurna conservation area; Annapurna-Conservation-Area; 2110 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington |
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Usa |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 240 |
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748 |
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Miller, D.J.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
Livestock and Snow Leopards:making room for competing users on the Tibetian Plateau |
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1994 |
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315-328 |
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livestock; Tibet; herder; herders; predator; prey; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; Tibetian-Plateau; ungulates; wild-yak; blue-sheep; pika; marmots; gazelle; antelope; Qomolangma; Namcha-Barwa; Chang-Tang; habitat; grazing; wolves; pens; enclosures; bounties; bounty; pelts; skins; coats; furs; poisoning; medicine; bones; land-use; conservation; ecology; blue; sheep; browse; tibetian; plateau; wild; yak; namcha; barwa; change; tang; land use; land; 2800 |
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J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
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SLN @ rana @ 244 |
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676 |
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Author |
Kattel, B.; Bajimaya, S.S. |
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Title |
Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Nepal |
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1997 |
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21-27 |
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Nepal; conservation; status; management; predator; prey; blue-sheep; distribution; ecology; habitat; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; livestock; herders; Dogs; herder; yak; goat; hunting; poaching; bone; trade; fur; pelt; pelts; coats; bones; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; protected area; 2280 |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ashiq |
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Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 316 |
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526 |
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Author |
Jafri, R.H.; Shah, F. |
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| |
Title |
The role of education and research in the conservation of snow leopard and its habitat in Northern Pakistan |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
|
Issue |
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Pages |
273-277 |
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| |
Keywords |
Pakistan; Khunjerab; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; education; ibex; Marco-Polo-sheep; hunting; predator; prey; diet; marmot; activity; Nepal; Chitral-Gol; war; land-use; climate; blue-sheep; home-range; Disease; blue; sheep; browse; Marco-Polo; protected; area; areas; land use; land; 3120 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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Language |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 233 |
Serial |
482 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jackson, R.; Fox, J.L. |
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| |
Title |
Snow Leopard Conservation: Accomplishments and Research Priorities |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
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Pages |
128-144 |
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| |
Keywords |
Slims; Islt; zoos; zoo; captivity; genetics; home-range; predator; prey; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Mongolia; China; India; Nepal; Khunjerab; surveys; survey; transect; habitat; scrap; marking; spray; Myanmar; Burma; blue-sheep; ibex; conservation; ecology; management; livestock; herders; Dna; Icimod; Himalaya; protected-area; scrape; blue; sheep; browse; international snow leopard trust; home range; home; range; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 2900 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 399 |
Serial |
458 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dhungel, S. |
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| |
Title |
Conservation of the Snow Leopard in Nepal |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
47-50 |
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Keywords |
Nepal; conservation; livestock; herder; herders; poaching; hunting; pelts; fur; coat; skin; distribution; status; behavior; predator; prey; breeding; Himalaya; park; parks; reserve; refuge; protected-area; biology; habitat; scent; spray; tracks; scrapes; home-range; mating; bharal; blue-sheep; goral; tahr; musk-deer; blue; sheep; browse; musk; deer; 3030 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
Fox, J.L.; Jezing, D. |
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Language |
|
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Notes |
full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 306 |
Serial |
241 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Fox, J.L.; Jackson, R.M. |
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Title |
Blue Sheep and Snow Leopards in Bhutan and Trans-Himalayan Nepal: Recent Status Evaluations and Their Application to Research and Conservation |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
blue; sheep; Nepal; snow; leopard; status; Himalaya; Himalayan; Bhutan; population; indices; conservation; monitoring; 4930 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Islt |
Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Notes |
abstract onlyTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 479 |
Serial |
311 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Chundawat, R.S. |
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| |
Title |
Ecological Studies of Snow Leopard and its Associated Prey Species in Hemis High Altitude Park, Ladakh (J&K) |
Type |
Book Whole |
| |
Year |
1992 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
|
Pages |
90 pages |
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| |
Keywords |
India; Ladakh; snow-leopard; predator; prey; herder; blue-sheep; habitat; herders; Hemis; parks; reserves; refuge; protected-area; snow leopard; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; 980 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
University of Rajasthan |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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Notes |
Snow Leopard Trust holds one copyPlace of Publication: Indira Gandhi Centre for Human Ecology, Environmental and Population Studies, University of Rajastan, Jaipur-302 004, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1992 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 188 |
Serial |
224 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ganguli-Lachungpa, U. |
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Title |
Dead snow leopard (Uncia uncia) at Yabuk, Dongkung (5500M) in North Sikkim |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Sikkim; Dongkung; Tibet; Dogs; feral-dogs; potected-area; parks; reserves; refuge; sighting; blue-sheep; herders; livestock; blue; sheep; browse; feral dogs; feral; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 3930 |
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Abstract |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Notes |
Full Text at URL |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 363 |
Serial |
330 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Fox, J.L.; Chundawat, R.S. |
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| |
Title |
Evaluation of Snow Leopard Sign Abundance in the Upper Indus Valley |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
66-74 |
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Keywords |
India; Ladakh; Jammu; Kashmir; transect; survey; habitat; park; parks; reserves; reserve; refuge; field-study; marks; scrape; scrapes; spray; marking; behavior; tracks; autocad; predator; prey; ibex; blue-sheep; marmot; livestock; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; 2730 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 307 |
Serial |
308 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Anonymous |
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Title |
Livestock Predation Control Workshop |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Lahul-Spiti; Ladakh; Hemis; parks; reserves; refuge; protected-area; argali; abix; blue-sheep; wolves; distribution; status; population; poaching; hunting; trade; skins; livestock; pelts; coat; fur; bones; medicine; prey-depletion; herders; habitat; habitat-degradation; tourism; Tmi; Islt; predator; prey; conflict; compensation; trekking; blue; sheep; browse; protected; area; depletion; degradation; international snow leopard trust; 3940 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLDate of Meeting: Ladakh (1999 Oct 6- Oct 10 ) |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 359 |
Serial |
86 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ahmad, I.; Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R. |
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Title |
A Snow Leopard and Prey Species Survey in Khunjerab National Park, Pakistan |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
92-95 |
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Keywords |
Slims; Islt; Wwf; predator; prey; Pakistan; Khunjerab; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Marco-Polo-sheep; blue-sheep; surveys; survey; transect; sighn; markings; marking; scrape; spray; ibex; tracks; pug marks; feces; livestock; kill; herder; herders; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; international snow leopard trust; world wildlife fund; marco polo sheep; marco polo; pug; marks; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 2810 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Lahore, Pakistan |
Editor |
R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Edition |
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Notes |
Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 300 |
Serial |
42 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Harris, R.B. |
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| |
Title |
A note on snow leopards and local people in Nangqian County, Southern Qinghai Province |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
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Pages |
79-84 |
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Keywords |
China; Qinghai; attitude; local-peoples; herders; livestock; predator; prey; cub; capture; poaching; blue-sheep; Release; grazing; yaks; goats; horses; domestic; ungulates; hunting; bones; fur; pelts; coats; conservation; trapping; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; local; protected; area; peoples; 3250 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 223 |
Serial |
371 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Harris, R.B. |
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Title |
Dealing with uncertainty in counts of mountain ungulates |
Type |
Conference Article |
| |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
105-111 |
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Keywords |
ungulates; blue-sheep; argali; tahr; ibex; prey; predator; status; population; asia; blue; sheep; browse; 3260 |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Usa |
Editor |
J.L.Fox; Jizeng, D. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 224 |
Serial |
372 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
