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Author Wei, L.; Wu, X.; Jiang, Z. url 
  Title The complete mitochondrial genome structure of snow leopard Panthera uncia Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2008 Publication Molecular Biology Reports Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-8  
  Keywords Panthera uncia Complete mitochondrialgenome Phylogenetic analyses  
  Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of snow leopard Panthera uncia was obtained by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique based on the PCR fragments of 30 primers we designed. The entire mtDNA sequence was 16 773 base pairs (bp) in length, and the base composition was: A-5,357ª“,Ž+bp (31.9%); C-4,444ª”,Ž+bp (26.5%); G-2,428ª“,Ž+bp (14.5%); T-4,544ª”,Ž+bp (27.1%). The structural characteristics [0] of the P. uncia mitochondrial genome were highly similar to these of Felis catus, Acinonyx jubatus, Neofelis nebulosa and other mammals. However, we found several distinctive features of the mitochondrial genome of Panthera unica. First, the termination codon of COIII was TAA, which differed from those of F. catus, A. jubatus and N. nebulosa. Second, tRNASer (AGY), which lacked the ''DHU'' arm, could not be folded into the typical cloverleaf-shaped structure. Third, in the control region, a long repetitive sequence in RS-2 (32ª“,Ž+bp) region was found with 2 repeats while one short repetitive segment (9ª”,Ž+bp) was found with 15 repeats in the RS-3 region. We performed phylogenetic analysis based on a 3 816ª",Ž+bp concatenated sequence of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, ND2, ND4, ND5, Cyt b and ATP8 for P. uncia and other related species, the result indicated that P. uncia and P. leo were the sister species, which was different from the previous findings. (c) 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.  
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  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 899 Serial 1011  
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Author Weilemann P. url 
  Title Experiences in births of snow leopards in Zurich Zoo Type Book Chapter
  Year 1982 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 3 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 3 Issue Pages 111-116  
  Keywords birth; captive; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo  
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  Publisher Helsinki Zoo Place of Publication Helsinki Editor Blomqvist, L.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1043 Serial 1012  
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Author Weilenmann, P. url 
  Title First experiences in keeping snow leopards in the Zurich Zoo Type Book Chapter
  Year 1978 Publication International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue Pages 35-43  
  Keywords International; pedigree; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard  
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  Publisher Helsinki Zoo Place of Publication Helsinki Editor Blomqvist, L.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1042 Serial 1013  
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Author Wharton, D.; Mainka, S.A. url 
  Title Snow leopards, livestock management Type Unsupported: Pamphlet
  Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; livestock; management; Chinese; global  
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  Publisher Xinjiang Conservation Fund & International Snow Leopard Trust Place of Publication China Editor  
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  Notes In Chinese. Supported by the Global Greengrant Fund, www.greengrants.org. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1082 Serial 1015  
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Author Wharton, D.; Mainka, S.A. url 
  Title Management and husbandry of the snow leopard Uncia uncia Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication International Zoo Yearbook Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 35 Issue Pages 139-147  
  Keywords breeding; captive-management; diet; enclosures; housing; husbandry; nutrition; veterinary-care; zoo; browse; veterinary; care; captive; management; 1290  
  Abstract The international studbook for the Snow leopard Uncia uncia was established in 1976. The species has been the focus of intensive captive management and as at 1 January 1992, 541 animals were maintained at 160 collections. This paper gives an overview of the diet, housing, breeding and captive management of the species with specific reference to animals maintained in North American collections. A summary of veterinary care reported in the Snow leopard captive-management survey is also given.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 331 Serial 1018  
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Author Wharton, D. url 
  Title Endangered Species Update Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Endangered Species Update Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 13  
  Keywords Species-Survival-Plan; zoo; breeders; captivity; Asa; Ssp; browse; species survival plan; species; survival; plan; 1100; endangered; endangered species; endangered-species  
  Abstract The snow leopard is listed as endangered, although most of its high mountain habitat remains untouched. However the ability of humans to exploit wildlife has led to it being endangered. Serious attempts to keep snow leopards in captivity began in 1891, but it was not until the 1950s that cubs survived long enough to become breeders. The American Zoo and Aquarium Association (ASA) Snow Leopard Species Survival Plan (SSP) was set up in 1984, achieving success with breeding goals.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 335 Serial 1019  
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Author Wikramanayake, E.; Moktan, V.; Aziz, T.; Khaling, S.; Khan, A.; Tshering, D. url 
  Title The WWF Snow Leopard Action Strategy for the Himalayan Region Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2006 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-21  
  Keywords behaviour; biodiversity; conservation; ecology; Himalayan; protected area; snow leopard; strategy; Wwf  
  Abstract As a 'flagship' and 'umbrella' species the snow leopard can be a unifying biological feature to

raise awareness of its plight and the need for conservation, which will benefit other facets of Himalayan

biodiversity as well. Some studies of snow leopards have been conducted in the Himalayan region. But,

because of its elusive nature and preference for remote and inaccessible habitat, knowledge of the

ecology and behaviour of this mystical montane predator is scant. The available information, however,

suggests that snow leopards occur at low densities and large areas of habitat are required to conserve

a viable population. Thus, many researchers and conservationists have advocated landscape-scale

approaches to conservation within a regional context, rather than focusing on individual protected areas.

While the issues are regional, the WWF's in the region have developed 5-year strategic actions and

activities, using the regional strategies as a touchstone, which will be implemented at national levels.

The WWF's will develop proposals based on these strategic actions, with estimated budgets, for use by

the network for funding and fund-raising. WWF also recognizes the need to collaborate and coordinate

within the network and with other organizations in the region to achieve conservation goals in an

efficient manner, and will form a working group to coordinate activities and monitor progress.
 
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  Notes Report 1-23. Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 921 Serial 1022  
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Author Wikramanayake, E.D.   
  Title Recommendations for Conservation Management of Jigme Dorji National Park Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1995 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords conservation; management; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; Bhutan; protected-area; Jigme-Dorji; browse; protected; area; 2450  
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  Notes Field Report submitted to Nature Conservation Section, RGOB, and WWF Bhutan Program. Date of Copyright: 1995 Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 282 Serial 1023  
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Author Wildt, D.; Pukazhenthi, B.; Brown, J.; Monfort, S.; Howard, J.; Roth, T. url 
  Title Spermatology for understanding, managing and conserving rare species Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Reproduction Fertility and Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 811-824  
  Keywords Assisted-Reproduction; Cryopreservation; reproduction; zoo; medical; veterinary; spermatology; genetics; browse; assisted; 1380  
  Abstract Most conventional spermatology research involves common mammalian species including livestock, laboratory animals and humans. Yet, there are more than 4500 mammalian species inhabiting the planet for which little is known about basic reproductive biology, including sperm characteristics and function. This information is important, not just as adjunct knowledge, but because the majority of these species are threatened with extinction, largely due to human-induced pressures. The field of conservation is changing rapidly, and global cooperation is emerging among a variety of wildlife enthusiasts, ranging from management authorities of nature reserves to curators of rare zoological collections. Conservation progress depends on systematic, multidisciplinary research first to answer basic questions, with new data then applied to endangered species management plans. The reproductive physiologist is a crucial component of this scheme. Reproduction is the essence of species survival, and enormous effort needs to be directed at these 'untraditional' research species, subspecies and populations. Spermatology research combined with simultaneous efforts in endocrinology, embryology and cryopreservation (among others) can lead to the successful application of assisted reproduction. Examples from this laboratory include an array of wild felid species and a rare cervid and mustelid. Obstacles to success are formidable, including unique species-specificities, diminished genetic diversity and a general lack of resources. Nonetheless, the field offers tremendous opportunities for generating unique knowledge of comparative interest and with conservation utility.  
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  Notes Document Type: English Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 278 Serial 1024  
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Author Wolf, M.; Ale, S. url 
  Title Signs at the Top: Habitat Features Influencing Snow Leopard Uncia Uncia Activity in Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of Mammalogy Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 90 Issue 3 Pages 604-611  
  Keywords activity patterns,human activity,Nepal,predator-prey,sign data,Uncia uncia  
  Abstract We used logistic regression to examine factors that affected the spatial distribution of sign (scrapes, feces, footprints, spray or scent marks, and rubbing sites) in a newly reestablished population of snow leopards (Uncia uncia) in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park, Nepal. Our results indicate that terrain and human activity were the most important factors determining the spatial distribution of leopard activity, whereas presence of their major prey species (Himalayan tahr [Hemitragus jemlahicus]) had only a moderate effect. This suggests that localities at which these animals are active represent a trade-off between suitable habitat and avoidance of potential risk from anthropogenic origins. However, the influence of prey presence was likely underestimated because of the methodology used, and likely weighed in the trade-off as well.  
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  Notes Department of Biological Sciences (M/C 066), University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, 3352 SES, Chicago, IL 60607-7060, USA Approved no  
  Call Number SLN @ rana @ 1026 Serial 1027  
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