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Ale S. |
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Title |
Have snow leopards made a comeback to the Everest region of Nepal? |
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Report |
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2005 |
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1-21 |
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snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; region; Nepal; Report; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; 1960; endangered; Sagarmatha; High; Himalaya; tourism; impact; establishment; national; national park; National-park; park; 1980; area; Tibet; surveys; survey; status; Cats; cat; prey; research; project; sign; transects; transect; length; valley; Response; hunting; recovery; Himalayan; tahr; density; densities; range; pugmarks; sighting; 60; study; population; predators; predator; structure; prey species; prey-species; species; populations; mortality; effects; predation; population dynamics |
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In the 1960s, the endangered snow leopard was locally extirpated from the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) region of Nepal. In this Sherpa-inhabited high Himalaya, the flourishing tourism since the ascent of Mt Everest in 1953, has caused both prosperity and adverse impacts, the concern that catalyzed the establishment of Mt. Everest National Park in the region in 1976. In the late 1980s, there were reports that some transient snow leopards may have visited the area from adjoining Tibet, but no biological surveys exist to confirm the status of the cats and their prey. Have snow leopards finally returned to the top of the world? Exploring this question was the main purpose of this research project. We systematically walked altogether 24 sign transects covering over 13 km in length in three valleys, i.e. Namche, Phortse and Gokyo, of the park, and counted several snow leopard signs. The results indicated that snow leopards have made a comeback in the park in response to decades of protective measures, the virtual cessation of hunting and the recovery of the Himalayan tahr which is snow leopard's prey. The average sign density (4.2 signs/km and 2.5 sign sites/km) was comparable to that reported from other parts of the cats' range in the Himalaya. On this basis, we estimated the cat density in the Everest region between 1 to 3 cats per 100 sq km, a figure that was supported by different sets of pugmarks and actual sightings of snow leopards in the 60 km2 sample survey area. In the study area, tahr population had a low reproductive rate (e.g. kids-to-females ratio, 0.1, in Namche). Since predators can influence the size and the structure of prey species populations through mortality and through non-lethal effects or predation risk, snow leopards could have been the cause of the population dynamics of tahr in Sagarmtha, but this study could not confirm this speculation for which further probing may be required. |
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Progress report for the International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1063 |
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50 |
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Ale, S.B.; Yonzon, P.; Thapa, K. |
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Title |
Recovery of snow leopard Uncia uncia in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park, Nepal |
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Miscellaneous |
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2007 |
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Oryx |
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41 |
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89-92 |
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Nepal; recovery; Sagarmatha Mount Everest National Park; snow leopard; Uncia uncia; surveys; survey; snow; snow-leopard; leopard; uncia; Uncia-uncia; valley; Sagarmatha; national; national park; National-park; park; using; information; management; system; research; transects; transect; sign; areas; area; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; 40; Himalayan; tahr; musk; musk-deer; deer; location; recent; species; grazing; land; Forest; habitat; domestic; wild; ungulates; ungulate; livestock; tourism; development; traditional; land use; land-use; use; wildlife |
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From September to November 2004 we conducted surveys of snow leopard Uncia uncia signs in three major valleys in Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park in Nepal using the Snow Leopard Information Management System, a standardized survey technique for snow leopard research. We walked 24 transects covering c. 14 km and located 33 sites with 56 snow leopard signs, and 17 signs incidentally in other areas. Snow leopards appear to have re-inhabited the Park, following their disappearance c. 40 years ago, apparently following the recovery of Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus and musk deer Moschus chrysogaster populations. Taken together the locations of all 73 recent snow leopard signs indicate that the species is using predominantly grazing land and shrubland/ open forest at elevations of 3,000-5,000 m, habitat types that are also used by domestic and wild ungulates. Sagarmatha is the homeland of c. 3,500 Buddhist Sherpas with .3,000 livestock. Along with tourism and associated developments in Sagarmatha, traditional land use practices could be used to ensure coexistence of livestock and wildlife, including the recovering snow leopards, and ensure the wellbeing of the Sherpas. |
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http://www.snowleopardnetwork.org/bibliography/Ale_2007.pdf |
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SLN @ rana @ 884 |
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58 |
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Alexander, J. S., Murali, R., Mijiddorj, T. N., Agvaantseren, B., Lhamo, C., Sharma, D., Suryawanshi, K. R., Zhi, L., Sharma, K., Young, J. C. |
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Applying a gender lens to biodiversity conservation in High Asia |
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2023 |
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Frontiers in Conservation Science |
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1-8 |
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gender, snow leopards, pastoralism, rights, decision-making |
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Community-based conservation efforts represent an important approach to facilitate the coexistence of people and wildlife. A concern, however, is that these efforts build on existing community structures and social norms, which are commonly dominated by men. Some biodiversity conservation approaches may consequently neglect women’s voices and deepen existing inequalities and inequities. This paper presents two community case studies that draw upon the knowledge and experience gained in our snow leopard conservation practice in pastoral and agro-pastoral settings in Mongolia and India to better understand women’s roles and responsibilities. In these settings, roles and responsibilities in livestock management and agriculture are strongly differentiated along gender lines, and significant gaps remain in women’s decision-making power about natural resources at the community level. We argue that context-specific and gender-responsive approaches are needed to build community support for conservation actions and leverage women’s potential contributions to conservation outcomes. |
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SLN @ rakhee @ |
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1741 |
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Allen, P.; Macray, D. |
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Snow Leopard Enterprises Description and Summarized Business Plan |
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2002 |
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snow; leopard; enterprises; buisness; plan; habitat; humans; conflict; irbis; products; wool; conservation; marketing; Mongolia; social; economic; conflicts; country; countries; socks; hats; gloves; 4890; Human; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; central; Central Asia; asia; ecosystem; region; populations; population; herders; herder; threat; potential; impact; environment; Elements; landscape; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; snow-leopard-enterprises |
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The habitat for both humans and snow leopards in Central Asia is marginal, the ecosystem fragile. The struggle for humans to survive has often, unfortunately, brought them into conflict with the region's dwindling snow leopard populations. Herders commonly see leopards as a threat to their way of life and well-being. Efforts to improve the living conditions of humans must consider potential impacts on the environment. Likewise, conservation initiatives cannot ignore humans as elements of the landscape with a right to live with dignity and pride. Based on these principles, the International Snow Leopard Trust has developed a new conservation model that addresses the needs of all concerned.
We call it Snow Leopard Enterprises.. |
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Islt |
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Seattle |
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Title, Monographic: Proceedings of the Snow Leopard Survival SummitPlace of Meeting: Seattle,WA |
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SLN @ rana @ 475 |
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68 |
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Author |
Andriuskevicius, A. |
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Title |
Occurrance of Snow Leopards in the Soviet Union |
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1980 |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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2 |
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59-69 |
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2290; area; areas; browse; distribution; park; parks; protected; protected-area; protected area; protected areas; refuge; reserve; reserves; Russia; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; soviet; Soviet-Union; soviet union; status; U.S.S.R.; union; Ussr |
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Outlines status and distribution of snow leopard in USSR, including comments on reserves created for the species. |
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SLN @ rana @ 51 |
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73 |
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Aromov B. |
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The Biology of the Snow Leopard in the Hissar Nature Reserve |
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Miscellaneous |
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1995 |
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108-109 |
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Uzbekistan; snow leopard; Hissar ridge; Hissar nature reserve; number; diet; breeding.; 6070; Russian; work; Data; biology; snow; snow-leopard; leopard; nature; reserve; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; times; tracks; pugmarks; Feed; ibex; kills; kill; Age; records; predation; Case; horses; horse; marmot; Himalayan; domestic; goat; wild; wild boar; sheep; Cattle; attack |
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The work contains data on biology snow leopard in Hissar nature reserve, Uzbekistan. The number of snow leopards in this reserve has increased from two or four in 1981 to between 13 and 17 individuals in 1994. Since 1981, snow leopards have been sighted 72 times and their tracks or pugmarks 223 times. In the Hissar Nature Reserve snow leopards largely feed on ibex. Over a period of 14 years, 92 kills and remains of ibex aged from one to thirteen years of age have been examined. Other records of predation, by the number of events observed, include 33 cases of juvenile and mature horses, 25 long-tailed marmot (Marmota caudata). 18 Himalayan snowcock (Tetraogallus himalayemis), 17 domestic goat, 13 wild boar (Sus scrofa), five domestic sheep and three incidents involving cattle. Twenty-two attacks on domestic flocks were reported, and these occurred during both the daytime and at night. Snow leopards usually mate between the 20th of February and March 20th. The offspring are born in late April to May, and there are usually two per litter (23 encounters), although a single litter of three has also been recorded. |
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Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Proceeding of 8th International Snow Leopard Symposium Islamabad. |
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SLN @ rana @ 586 |
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99 |
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Aryal, A. |
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Final Report On Demography and Causes of Mortality of Blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur) in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve in Nepal |
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2009 |
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1-53 |
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Report; mortality; blue; blue sheep; blue-sheep; sheep; Pseudois; pseudois nayaur; Pseudois-nayaur; nayaur; Dhorpatan; hunting; reserve; Nepal; biodiversity; research; training; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; program; population; Population-Density; density; densities; change; Sex; study; area; High; poaching; Pressure; reducing; number; predators; predator; poison; wolf; wolves; canis; Canis-lupus; lupus; wild; wild boar; prey; prey species; prey-species; species; scats; scat; value; fox; cover; deer; diet; leopards; pika; snow leopards; snow-leopards; soil; Relationship |
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A total of 206 individual Blue sheep Pseudois nayaur were estimated in Barse and Phagune blocks of Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR) and population density was 1.8 Blue sheep/sq.km. There was not significant change in population density from last 4 decades. An average 7 animals/herd (SD-5.5) were classified from twenty nine herds, sheep per herds varying from 1 to 37. Blue sheep has classified into sex ratio on an average 75 male/100females was recorded in study area. The sex ratio was slightly lower but not significantly different from the previous study. Population of Blue sheep was seen stable or not decrease even there was high poaching pressure, the reason may be reducing the number of predators by poison and poaching which has
supported to increase blue sheep population. Because of reducing the predators Wolf Canis lupus, Wild boar population was increasing drastically in high rate and we can observed wild boar above the tree line of DHR. The frequency of occurrence of different prey species in scats of different predators shows that, excluding zero values, the frequencies of different prey species were no significantly different (ö2= 10.3, df = 49, p > 0.05). Most of the scats samples (74%) of Snow leopard, Wolf, Common Leopard, Red fox's cover one prey species while two and three species were present in 18% and 8%, respectively. Barking deer Muntiacus muntjak was the most frequent (18%) of total diet composition of common leopards. Pika Ochotona roylei was the most frequent (28%), and Blue sheep was in second position for diet of snow leopards which cover 21% of total diet composition. 13% of diet covered non-food item such as soil, stones, and vegetable. Pika was most frequent on Wolf and Red fox diet which covered 32% and 30% respectively. There was good positive relationship between the scat density and Blue sheep consumption rate, increasing the scat density, increasing the Blue sheep consumption rate. Blue sheep preference by different predators such as Snow leopard, Common leopard, Wolf and Red fox were 20%, 6%, 13% and 2% of total prey species respectively. |
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The Biodiversity Research and Training Forum (BRTF) Nepal. Email: savefauna@yahoo.com
Submitted to Snow Leopard Conservation Grants Program, USA. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1064 |
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104 |
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Author |
Begg, T. |
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Title |
Nutritional bone disease in the snow leopard |
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1978 |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 |
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1 |
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104-107 |
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bone; captive; Disease; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; veterinary; zoo |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1047 |
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125 |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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The status of the snow leopard in the EEP – program in 2007 |
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2008 |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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9 |
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4 |
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20-24 |
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status; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; program; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1007 |
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174 |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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Title |
International Pedigree Book for Snow Leopards, Uncia uncia |
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2008 |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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9 |
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1-175 |
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International; pedigree; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; zoo; 4600; studbook |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Helsinki Zoo, P.O. Box 4600, FIN 00099. Blomqvist is the international studbook keeper and EEP coordinator for snow leopards. leif.blomqvist@hel.fi |
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SLN @ rana @ 1006 |
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173 |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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The snow leopard EEP in 1996 |
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1998 |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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7 |
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26-29 |
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snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Helsinki Zoo |
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Helsinki |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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SLN @ rana @ 1083 |
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168 |
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Blomqvist, L. |
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The 3. Snow Leopard Register |
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1982 |
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International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
145-164 |
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| |
Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1011 |
Serial |
158 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
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| |
Title |
The snow leopard register |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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|
| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
218-238 |
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| |
Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; register; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1084 |
Serial |
151 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
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| |
Title |
Photos of snow leopards |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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|
| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
239-257 |
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| |
Keywords |
leopard; leopards; photo; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; International; pedigree |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| |
Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1091 |
Serial |
153 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
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| |
Title |
Photos of snow leopards |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1978 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
1 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
141-151 |
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| |
Keywords |
captive; captivity; International; pedigree; photo; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1051 |
Serial |
145 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L. |
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| |
Title |
Resolution from the first international snow leopard conference in Helsinki on March 7-8, 1978 |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1978 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 1 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
1 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
3-5 |
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| |
Keywords |
International; pedigree; resolutions; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1053 |
Serial |
146 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Blomqvist, L.; Rieger, I. |
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| |
Title |
Snow leopard references |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
258-262 |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; references; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Edition |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
Continued from the International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards I, 1978 |
Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1085 |
Serial |
152 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bohnett, E., Holmberg, J., Faryabi, S. P., An, L., Ahmad, B., Rashid, W., Ostrowski, S. |
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Title |
Comparison of two individual identification algorithms for snow leopards (Panthera uncia) after automated detection |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Ecological Informatics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
77 |
Issue |
102214 |
Pages |
1-14 |
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Keywords |
Background subtraction, Deep learning, Hotspotter, Individual identification, PIE v2, Snow leopards |
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Abstract |
Photo-identification of individual snow leopards (Panthera uncia) is the primary data source for density estimation via capture-recapture statistical methods. To identify individual snow leopards in camera trap imagery, it is necessary to match individuals from a large number of images from multiple cameras and historical catalogues, which is both time-consuming and costly. The camouflaged snow leopards also make it difficult for machine learning to classify photos, as they blend in so well with the surrounding mountain environment, rendering applicable software solutions unavailable for the species. To potentially make snow leopard individual identification available via an artificial intelligence (AI) software interface, we first trained and evaluated image classification techniques for a convolutional neural network, pose invariant embeddings (PIE) (a triplet loss network), and compared the accuracy of PIE to that of the HotSpotter algorithm (a SIFT-based algorithm). Data were acquired from a curated library of free-ranging snow leopards taken in Afghanistan between 2012 and 2019 and from captive animals in zoos in Finland, Sweden, Germany, and the United States. We discovered several flaws in the initial PIE model, such as a small amount of background matching, that was addressed, albeit likely not fixed, using background subtraction (BGS) and left-right mirroring (LR) techniques which demonstrated reasonable accuracy (Rank 1: 74% Rank-5: 92%) comparable to the Hotspotter results (Rank 1: 74% Rank 2: 84%)The PIE BGS LR model, in conjunction with Hotspotter, yielded the following results: Rank-1: 85%, Rank-5: 95%, Rank-20: 99%. In general, our findings indicate that PIE BGS LR, in conjunction with HotSpotter, can classify snow leopards more accurately than using either algorithm alone. |
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Place of Publication |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rakhee @ |
Serial |
1723 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Chalise, M.K. |
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Title |
Nepalka Samrakshit Banyajantu (Nepal's Protected Wildlife in Nepali language) |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
106-108 |
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Keywords |
government; language; leopard; leopards; Nepal; protected; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; wildlife |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Shajha Prakashan |
Place of Publication |
Lalitpur, Kathmandu |
Editor |
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Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Issue |
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Notes |
In Nepalese language only. Includes only the chapter on snow leopards and the book cover. The book is published by a government corporate house of publication. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1058 |
Serial |
211 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dexel, B. |
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Title |
The illegal trade in snow leopards – a global perspective |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
5-17 |
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Keywords |
conservation; german; Germany; global; illegal; illegal-trade; leopard; leopards; nature; nature conservation; project; snow; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopard project; snow leopards; trade |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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Notes |
Coordinator Snow Leopard Project, German Society for Nature Conservation, Berlin, Germany. Email: birga.dexel@nabu.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 916 |
Serial |
240 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dyikanova, C. |
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Title |
A public awareness outreach programme on Snow Leopards for the Kyrgyz Republic, Final Report |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-4 |
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Keywords |
project; awareness; local; local people; people; staff; Base; snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; conservation; ecology; threats; threat; Kyrgyzstan; regional; areas; area; public; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; republic; Report; International; international snow leopard trust; International-Snow-Leopard-Trust; trust; program; community |
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Abstract |
The principle goal of the project was to raise awareness of local people, staff of frontier posts,
customs and foreign military base on snow leopard, and its conservation. In the framework of the
project the following steps were to be executed:
A) To disseminate printing materials: a booklet, poster, card and calendar.
b) To publish articles on snow leopard ecology and conservation issues and threats in
Kyrgyzstan regional newspapers (Issyk-Kul, Osh, and Chui areas)
C) To hold follow-up meeting with target groups
D) To evaluate project results |
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Notes |
Project funded by International Snow Leopard Trust Small Grants Program. Community and Business Forum, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1066 |
Serial |
248 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Farrington, J. |
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Title |
A Report on Protected Areas, Biodiversity, and Conservation in the Kyrgyzstan Tian Shan with Brief Notes on the Kyrgyzstan Pamir-Alai and the Tian Shan Mountains of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and China |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-276 |
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Keywords |
Report; protected; protected areas; protected area; protected-areas; protected-area; areas; area; biodiversity; conservation; Kyrgyzstan; Tian; Tian-Shan; shan; Pamir-Alai; mountains; mountain; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; China; environmental; study; former; soviet; central; Central Asia; asia; land; Forest; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; Chinese; range; republic; wildlife; International; research; land-use; land use; recent; inner; project; ecological; Middle; Middle Asia; Organization; awareness; region; preserve; species; ecosystems; ecosystem; potential; community; Biodiversity conservation; Xinjiang; information; Kyrgyz; Kyrgyz-Republic; protection; flora; fauna; mammals; birds; reptiles; amphibians; endemic; plants; plant; history; Southern; survey; protect; river; heart |
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Abstract |
Kyrgyzstan is a land of towering mountains, glaciers, rushing streams, wildflowercovered meadows, forests, snow leopards, soaring eagles, and yurt-dwelling nomads. The entire nation lies astride the Tian Shan1, Chinese for “Heavenly Mountains”, one of the world's highest mountain ranges, which is 7439 m (24,400 ft) in elevation at its highest point. The nation is the second smallest of the former Soviet Central Asian republics. In
spite of Kyrgyzstan's diverse wildlife and stunning natural beauty, the nation remains little known, and, as yet, still on the frontier of international conservation efforts. The following report is the product of 12 months of research into the state of conservation and land-use in Kyrgyzstan. This effort was funded by the Fulbright Commission of the U.S. State Department, and represents the most recent findings of the author's personal environmental journey through Inner Asia, which began in 1999. When I first started my preliminary research for this project, I was extremely surprised to learn that, even though the Tian Shan Range has tremendous ecological significance for conservation efforts in middle Asia, there wasn't a single major international conservation organization with an office in the former Soviet Central Asian republics. Even more surprising was how little awareness there is of conservation issues in the Tian Shan region amongst conservation workers in neighboring areas who are attempting to preserve similar species assemblages and ecosystems to those found in the Tian Shan. Given this lack of awareness, and the great potential for the international community to make a positive contribution towards improving the current state of biodiversity conservation in Kyrgyzstan and Central Asia, I have summarized my findings on protected areas and conservation in Kyrgyzstan and the Tian Shan of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang in the chapters below. The report begins with some brief background information on geography and society in the Kyrgyz Republic, followed by an overview of biodiversity and the state of conservation in the nation, which at the present time closely parallels the state of conservation in the other former Soviet Central Asian republics. Part IV of the report provides a catalog of all major protected areas in Kyrgyzstan and the other Tian Shan nations, followed by a list of sites in Kyrgyzstan that are as yet unprotected but merit protection. In the appendices the reader will find fairly comprehensive species lists of flora and fauna found in the Kyrgyz Republic, including lists of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, trees and shrubs, wildflowers, and endemic plants. In addition, a
draft paper on the history and current practice of pastoral nomadism in Kyrgyzstan has been included in Appendix A. While the research emphasis for this study was on eastern Kyrgyzstan, over the course of the study the author did have the opportunity to make brief journeys to southern Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Xinjiang. While falling short of being a definitive survey of protected areas of the Tian Shan, the informational review which
follows is the first attempt at bringing the details of conservation efforts throughout the entire Tian Shan Range together in one place. It is hoped that this summary of biodiversity and conservation in the Tian Shan will generate interest in the region amongst conservationists, and help increase efforts to protect this surprisingly unknown range that forms an island of meadows, rivers, lakes, and forests in the arid heart of Asia. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Kyrgyzstan |
Editor |
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Language |
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Notes |
Fulbright Fellow – Environmental Studies, Kyrgyzstan, Former Soviet Central Asia 2003-2004 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1060 |
Serial |
269 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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Title |
The view from here: permit hunting of snow leopards |
Type |
Magazine Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Snow Line |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
Winter |
Pages |
2-3 |
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Keywords |
hunting; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Publisher |
International Snow Leopard Trust |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Series Editor |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 964 |
Serial |
323 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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| |
Title |
Snow leopard: a cooperative study between zoos |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
127-136 |
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Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; study; zoos; zoo; International; pedigree; snow leopards; snow-leopards; leopards |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1086 |
Serial |
317 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Freeman, H. |
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| |
Title |
The snow leopard, today and yesterday |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards, Vol. 2 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
37-43 |
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Keywords |
captive; captive populations; captivity; International; pedigree; snow-leopard; snow-leopards; snow leopard; snow leopards; zoo |
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Abstract |
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Publisher |
Helsinki Zoo |
Place of Publication |
Helsinki |
Editor |
Blomqvist, L. |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1049 |
Serial |
316 |
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