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Author  |
Ahmad, A. | ||||
| Title | Community-Based Natural Resources Management in Northern Pakistan | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 148-154 | ||
| Keywords | conservation; livestock; Wwf; Pakistan; herders; herder; snow-leopard; management; Marco-Polo-sheep; grazing; ibex; park; parks; reserve; reserves; refuge; Khunjerab; hunting; hunter; skin; pelt; fur; coat; protected-area; snow leopard; browse; 2950 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson and A.Ahmad |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Full text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 299 | Serial | 41 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Ahmad, A. | ||||
| Title | Protection of Snow Leopards through Grazier Communities:Some Examples from WWF-Pakistan's Projects in the Northern Areas | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 265-272 | ||
| Keywords | conservation; Pakistan; Wwf; world-wildlife-fund; livestock; herders; herder; status; parks; park; reserve; refuge; protected-area; Dir; chitral; predator; prey; grazier; pelt; fur; coat; skin; poaching; Khunjerab; Marco-Polo-sheep; ibex; markhor; hunting; browse; protected; area; sheep; Marco-Polo; 2040 | ||||
| Abstract | Snow leopards occur near the snow line in northern Pakistan in the districts of Swat, Dir and Chitral of the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), Muzaffarabad district in Azad Kashmir and Gilgit and Baltistan districts in the Northern Areas. Although a number of protected areas are present in the form of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and game reserves (Table 1) where legal protection is available to all wildlife species, including snow leopards, the status of this endangered species is not improving satisfactorily. The reasons are many and range from direct persecution by livestock owners to the less than strict management of protected areas. Because of remote and inaccessible locations and lack of proper communication with local communities, government officials and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) concerned with conservation find it difficult to obtain statistics on mortality of snow leopards. However, the killing of snow leopards is not uncommon. Because of the close and long-term association between local villagers and snow leopards, it is only through the support and cooperation of these peoples that protection of this endangered species can be assured against most of the existing threats. The effects of such cooperation has been clearly shown through some of the conservation projects of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) – Pakistan. Details of such projects and certain lessons that can be learned from these and similar projects are discussed in this paper. |
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| Publisher | International Snow Leopard Trust | Place of Publication | Usa | Editor | J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Proceedings of the Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 209 | Serial | 40 | ||
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| Author |
Ahmad, I.; Hunter, D.O.; Jackson, R. | ||||
| Title | A Snow Leopard and Prey Species Survey in Khunjerab National Park, Pakistan | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 92-95 | ||
| Keywords | Slims; Islt; Wwf; predator; prey; Pakistan; Khunjerab; parks; park; reserve; reserves; refuge; Marco-Polo-sheep; blue-sheep; surveys; survey; transect; sighn; markings; marking; scrape; spray; ibex; tracks; pug marks; feces; livestock; kill; herder; herders; protected-area; blue; sheep; browse; international snow leopard trust; world wildlife fund; marco polo sheep; marco polo; pug; marks; protected area; protected areas; protected; area; areas; 2810 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 300 | Serial | 42 | ||
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| Author |
Ahmad, S., Ali, H., Asif, M., Khan, T, Din, N., Rehman, E. U., Hameed, S., Din, J. U., Nawaz, M. A. | ||||
| Title | Spatial density pattern of Himalayan Ibex (Capra sibirica) in Pakistan | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Global Ecology & Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 39 | Issue | e02288 | Pages | 1-12 |
| Keywords | Himalayan ibex, Population, Hindu Kush, Himalaya, Karakoram, Pakistan | ||||
| Abstract | Mountain ungulates perform a key role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems as they are the primary consumers of vegetation and prey for large predators. The mountain ranges of northern Pakistan are home to six species of mountain ungulates, and the Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica), hereafter ibex, is the most abundant among them. This study was conducted in three administrative regions of northern Pakistan, viz. Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), to generate a range-wide density pattern map of ibex. A double-observer survey was conducted in 25 study sites during 2018–2021 across the ibex distribution range, covering an area of about 35,307 km2, by walking transects totaling 1647 km. Within the ibex range where the survey was not conducted due to financial and logistical constraints, we obtained species population information from local wildlife departments’ most recent annual survey data. The aim was to generate a density map for the entire ibex range. Using the BBRe-capture package in program R, we estimated an ibex population of 7639 (95 % CI) with a mean density of 0.21/km2 in the surveyed area. Combining with the secondary data from un-surveyed areas, the total population estimate for the country came to 10,242 ibex. The largest population densities were observed in four valleys (Shimshal, Gulkin-Hussaini, Khyber, and Khunjerab) of the Karakoram-Pamir range, followed by the Hindu Kush range (Chitral Wildlife Division [WD]). The central and eastern parts of the Karakoram range had moderate to low densities, while the Himalayan range (e.g., Astore Valley) supported a small population. The mean herd size was 15 individuals (range: 5–41), and the average detection probability of observers A and B was 0.69 and 0.48, respectively. The average male and young ratios per 100 females were estimated to be 75 and 81, respectively. The range-wide density map developed during the study provided an evidence for the impact of trophy hunting programs and an objective tool for range-wide conservation planning of the species. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1699 | ||
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| Author |
Anonymous | ||||
| Title | Resolutions Conservation of Snow Leopard, Seventh International Snow Leopard Symposium | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 329-331 | ||
| Keywords | resolutions; conservation; management; Khunjerab; Taxkorgan; Sagarmatha; Makalu-Barun; Qomolangma; Transboundry; protected-areas; parks; reserves; refuge; Nepal; Tibet; China; Pakistan; Cites; Slims; eco-development; livestock; herders; conflict; siberia; gobi; Altay; Altai; Mongolia; Arksai; Liqaru; Arba; Ganzi; Baoxin; pollution; pesticides; toxicity; cooperation; status; zoos; zoological-gardens; browse; protected; area; areas; protected area; protected areas; eco development; eco; development; zoological; gardens; zoological gardens; 3530 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Usa | Editor | J.L.Fox; D.Jizeng |
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| Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 214 | Serial | 82 | ||
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| Author |
Anonymous | ||||
| Title | You can help save the snow leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | |||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Pakistan, snow leopard, conservation | ||||
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| Language | Pakistani | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | English translation. Year unknown. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1270 | ||
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| Author |
Aruge, S., Batool, H., Khan, F. M., Abbas, F. I., Janjua, S | ||||
| Title | A pilot study�genetic diversity and population structure of snow leopards of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, using molecular techniques. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | PeerJ | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | 7672 | Pages | 1-14 | |
| Keywords | Population, Genetics, Panthera uncia, Pakistan, Molecular markers | ||||
| Abstract | Background: The Hindu Kush and Karakoram mountain ranges in Pakistan�s northern areas are a natural habitat of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia syn. Uncia uncia) but the ecological studies on this animal are scarce since it is human shy by nature and lives in dif!cult mountainous tracts. The pilot study is conducted to exploit the genetic diversity and population structure of the snow leopard in this selected natural habitat of the member of the wildcat family in Pakistan. Method: About 50 putative scat samples of snow leopard from !ve localities of Gilgit-Baltistan (Pakistan) along with a control sample of zoo maintained male snow leopard were collected for comparison. Signi!cant quality and quantity of genomic DNA was extracted from scat samples using combined Zhang�phenol�chloroform method and successful ampli!cation of cytochrome c oxidase I gene (190 bp) using mini-barcode primers, seven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and Y-linked AMELY gene (200 bp) was done. Results: Cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequencing suggested that 33/50 (66%) scat samples were of snow leopard. AMELY primer suggested that out of 33 ampli!ed samples, 21 (63.63%) scats were from male and 12 (36.36%) from female leopards. Through successful ampli!cation of DNA of 25 out of 33 (75.75%) scat samples using SSR markers, a total of 68 alleles on seven SSR loci were identi!ed, showing low heterozygosity, while high gene "ow between population. Discussion: The low gene flow rate among the population results in low genetic diversity causing decreased diversi!cation. This affects the adaptability to climatic changes, thus ultimately resulting in decreased population size of the species. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1491 | ||
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| Author |
Din, J. U., Bari, F., Ali, H., Rehman, E. U., Adli, D. S. H., Abdullah, N. A., Norma-Rashid, Y., Kabir, M., Hameed, S., Nawaz, D. A., Nawaz, M. A. | ||||
| Title | Drivers of snow leopard poaching and trade in Pakistan and implications for management | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Nature Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 46 | Issue | Pages | 49-62 | |
| Keywords | conflict, illegal trade, northern Pakistan, pelt, poaching; retaliatory killing | ||||
| Abstract | The snow leopard is one of the highly valued species from high-altitude mountain ecosystems of Central and Southeast Asia, including Pakistan. This keystone species is facing a myriad of conventional and emerging threats, including poaching and trade, that are poorly documented in Pakistan. To understand the dynamics and drivers of the poaching and trading of snow leopards in Pakistan, we investigated the issue in depth through a multifaceted survey in the snow leopard range of the country. We recorded 101 snow leopard poaching incidences from 11 districts during 2005–2017. The reported poaching incidences varied spatially (‒x = 9 ± 2.6 [95% Cl: 3–15]) and temporally (‒x = 7.8 ± 1.09) and accounted for 2–4% annual population loss (n = 200–420) in a period of 13 years. Poaching and trade together constituted 89% of the total incidence reported and animals were mostly shot (66%), poisoned (12%), snared (12%) and captured (4%), respectively. Only a fraction (3%) of the incidences were reported to the relevant law enforcement agencies. Trade routes included large cities and neighbouring countries, even the Middle East and Europe. The average base and end prices for each item were 245 ± 36 USD and 1,736 ± 520 USD, respectively, while maximum monetary fines set as per the law were 275 USD. Our results establish the need for developing multi-stakeholder coordination mechanisms at regional, national and international levels and information sharing to curb this menace. Improving the existing laws and surveillance system, while taking the local communities onboard, will further help to this end. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1672 | ||
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| Author |
Ferguson, D.A. | ||||
| Title | International Cooperation for Snow Leopard and Biodiversity Conservation: The Government Perspective | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 178-193 | ||
| Keywords | snow leopard; biodiversity; management; development; India; Pakistan; conservation; hunting; poaching; hunter; pelt; skin; fur; coat; livestock; habitat; herder; herders; Ussr; park; parks; reserves; reserve; refuge; Slims; field study; survey; surveys; transects; transect; Khunjerab; protected area; browse; U.S.S.R.; 2990 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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| Notes | full text available at URL Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 210 | Serial | 274 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Fox, J.L. | ||||
| Title | Snow leopard conservation in the wild – a comprehensive perspective on a low density and highly fragmented population | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 3-15 | ||
| Keywords | conservation; habitat; distribution; range; tibetan-plateau; Himalaya; Taklimakan-desert; Karakoram; Hindu-kush; Pamir; Kun-Lun; Tien-Shan; Altay; Cites; status; Afghanistan; Bhutan; China; India; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Russia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; protected-area; parks; park; reserve; refuge; research; management; kazakstan; browse; tibetan; plateau; taklimakan; desert; hindu; protected; area; 2630 | ||||
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| Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Usa | Editor | J.Fox; J.Du |
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| Notes | Full text available at URLTitle, Monographic: Seventh International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: ChinaDate of Copyright: 1994 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 216 | Serial | 304 | ||
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