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Author | Din, J. U., Bari, F., Ali, H., Rehman, E. U., Adli, D. S. H., Abdullah, N. A., Norma-Rashid, Y., Kabir, M., Hameed, S., Nawaz, D. A., Nawaz, M. A. | ||||
Title | Drivers of snow leopard poaching and trade in Pakistan and implications for management | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Nature Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 46 | Issue | Pages | 49-62 | |
Keywords | conflict, illegal trade, northern Pakistan, pelt, poaching; retaliatory killing | ||||
Abstract | The snow leopard is one of the highly valued species from high-altitude mountain ecosystems of Central and Southeast Asia, including Pakistan. This keystone species is facing a myriad of conventional and emerging threats, including poaching and trade, that are poorly documented in Pakistan. To understand the dynamics and drivers of the poaching and trading of snow leopards in Pakistan, we investigated the issue in depth through a multifaceted survey in the snow leopard range of the country. We recorded 101 snow leopard poaching incidences from 11 districts during 2005–2017. The reported poaching incidences varied spatially (‒x = 9 ± 2.6 [95% Cl: 3–15]) and temporally (‒x = 7.8 ± 1.09) and accounted for 2–4% annual population loss (n = 200–420) in a period of 13 years. Poaching and trade together constituted 89% of the total incidence reported and animals were mostly shot (66%), poisoned (12%), snared (12%) and captured (4%), respectively. Only a fraction (3%) of the incidences were reported to the relevant law enforcement agencies. Trade routes included large cities and neighbouring countries, even the Middle East and Europe. The average base and end prices for each item were 245 ± 36 USD and 1,736 ± 520 USD, respectively, while maximum monetary fines set as per the law were 275 USD. Our results establish the need for developing multi-stakeholder coordination mechanisms at regional, national and international levels and information sharing to curb this menace. Improving the existing laws and surveillance system, while taking the local communities onboard, will further help to this end. | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1672 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T.; Khan, J.; Ud-Din, J.; McCarthy, K. | ||||
Title | First study of snow leopards using GPS-satellite collars underway in Pakistan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2007 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 46 | Issue | Spring | Pages | 22-23 |
Keywords | study; snow; snow leopards; snow leopard; snow-leopards; snow-leopard; leopards; leopard; using; collars; collar; Pakistan; uncia; Uncia uncia; Uncia-uncia; habitat; Cats; cat; sound; knowledge; ecology; behavior; conserve; information; radio; radio collars; radio collar; radio-collars; radio-collar; Nepal; 1980; Mongolia; 1990; Gps; Report; Data; Satellite | ||||
Abstract | Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) are highly cryptic and occupy remote inaccessible habitat, making studying the cats difficult in the extreme. Yet sound knowledge of the cat's ecology, behavior and habitat needs is required to intelligently conserve them. This information is lacking for snow leopards, and until recently so was the means to fill that knowledge gap. Two long-term studies of snow leopards using VHF radio collars have been undertaken in Nepal (1980s) and Mongolia (1990s) but logistical and technological constraints made the findings of both studies equivocal. Technological advances in the interim, such as GPS collars which report data via satellite, make studies of snow leopards more promising, at least in theory. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 1009 | Serial | 666 | ||
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Author | Jackson. R | ||||
Title | Fostering Community-Based Stewardship of Wildlife in Central Asia: Transforming Snow Leopards from Pests into Valued Assets | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | Springer Science and Business Media | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 357-380 | ||
Keywords | Gurvan Saikhan National Park,Annapurna National Park,Nepal,Pakistan,India,Mongolia,China,Tibet,Mining,Poaching,PRA,Holistic,Community engagement,Fuel,Habitat fragmentation | ||||
Abstract | Book Title: Rangeland Stewardship in Central Asia: Balancing Improved Livelihoods, Biodiversity Conservation and Land Protection, 2012. Edited by Victor Squires. Published Springer Science+Business Media. 458 p. 91 illus., 61 in color. Addressing human–wildlife conflict is an important requisite to managing rangelands for livestock and wildlife. Despite high altitudes, aridity, and relatively low primary productivity, the rangelands of Central Asia support a rich and diverse biodiversity—including the endangered snow leopard that many herders perceive as a predator to be eliminated. Conserving this and other wildlife species requires carefully crafted interventions aimed at curbing depredation losses and/or reducing competition for forage, along with offering locally sustainable, environmentally friendly income-generating activities for supplementing pastoral household livelihoods. This is best achieved through a combination of incentives designed to foster sound rangeland and wildlife stewardship, along penalties or disincentives targeting herders who violate mutually agreed rules and regulations (including grazing norms and wildlife disturbance or poaching). When working toward the harmonious coexistence of people and wildlife, conservationists and rangeland practitioners need to seek the cooperation and build goodwill among herders and other stakeholders, including local government and private industry (especially the livestock production, mining, and tourism sectors). |
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1393 | ||
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Author | Rosen, T. | ||||
Title | From Yellowstone to the Karakorums: A journey to understand conflicts with large carnivores | Type | Magazine Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | NRCC News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 23 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 12-13 |
Keywords | Pakistan, Project Snow Leopard, Baltistan Wildlife Conservation and Development Organization | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | NRCC News (Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative) annual newsletter: bridging science and policy to advance conservation. Fall 2010, issue 23(1). | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1295 | ||
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Author | Hunter, D.O. | ||||
Title | GIS Tracks the Snow Leopard | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Snow Line | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | ix | Issue | Pages | 3-5 | |
Keywords | annapurna; chitral; Chundawat; Gis; Hemis; Hillard; Jackson; Ladakh; Mapping; Matthiessen; Nepal; Pakistan; Schaller; Tibet | ||||
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Publisher | International Snow Leopard Trust | Place of Publication | Seattle | Editor | |
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 461 | Serial | 394 | ||
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Author | Inayat, S.; Khan, A. | ||||
Title | Identifying Womens Roles in Snow Leopard Conservation | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | xvi | Issue | Pages | 3 | |
Keywords | Pakistan; conservation; surveys; women; Gender; livestock; awareness; browse; 4480 | ||||
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Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Seattle | Editor | |
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Notes | Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 436 | Serial | 403 | ||
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Author | Schaller, G.B. | ||||
Title | Imperiled phantom of Asian peaks | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1971 | Publication | National Geographic | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 140 | Issue | Pages | 702-707 | |
Keywords | conservation; Pakistan; baiting; browse; 2210 | ||||
Abstract | Brief description of succssful baiting, with a domestic goat and photographing a wild snow leopard in Northern Pakistan. | ||||
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Notes | First photographs of snow leopards in the wild | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 22 | Serial | 859 | ||
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Author | Ferguson, D.A. | ||||
Title | International Cooperation for Snow Leopard and Biodiversity Conservation: The Government Perspective | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 178-193 | ||
Keywords | snow leopard; biodiversity; management; development; India; Pakistan; conservation; hunting; poaching; hunter; pelt; skin; fur; coat; livestock; habitat; herder; herders; Ussr; park; parks; reserves; reserve; refuge; Slims; field study; survey; surveys; transects; transect; Khunjerab; protected area; browse; U.S.S.R.; 2990 | ||||
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Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Notes | full text available at URL Title, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 210 | Serial | 274 | ||
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Author | International Snow Leopard Trust | ||||
Title | International Snow Leopard Trust, Conservation and Education Program for 1999 | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Keywords | education; conservation; livestock; corrals; pens; predator; prey; poaching; hunting; depredation; Dna; Mongolia; Macne; Slims; gobi; Tibet; Qomolangma; Nepal; Bhutan; China; Afghanistan; India; Pakistan; Wwf; browse; 4030 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 365 | Serial | 406 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R.; Ahmad, A. | ||||
Title | Introduction to the Proceedings (8th Snow Leopard Symp) | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | ix-x | ||
Keywords | Pakistan; livestock; herders; herder; snow-leopard; predator; predation; prey; habitat; status; distribution; snow leopard; browse; 2020 | ||||
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Publisher | Allied Press | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1977 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 315 | Serial | 456 | ||
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