| Records |
| Author |
Jackson, R. |
| Title |
Bhutan Workshop: Thimpu, Land of the Thunder Dragon |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication  |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
xv |
Issue |
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Pages |
1 |
| Keywords |
Bhutan; Himalaya; Slims; surveys; Islt; Jigme-Dorgi; poisoning; herders; browse; 4510 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, Wa |
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Full text at URLJournal Title: Snowline |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 439 |
Serial |
459 |
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| Author |
Kreuzberg, E.; Esipov, A.; Bykova, E.; Vashetko, E. |
| Title |
Number, Distribution and Status of Habitats for Snow Leopard in Gissar Nature Reserve and Neighboring Areas |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
xvi |
Issue |
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Pages |
4 |
| Keywords |
Uzbekistan; Gissar; habitat; distribution; status; field-study; research; surveys; poaching; hunting; grazing; livestock; browse; 4440 |
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| Publisher |
Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, Wa |
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| Notes |
Full text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 432 |
Serial |
595 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R.; Roe, J.; Wangchuk, R.; Hunter, D. |
| Title |
Surveying Snow Leopard Populations with Emphasis on Camera Trapping: A Handbook |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-73 |
| Keywords |
snow; snow leopard; snow-leopard; leopard; survey; conservation; populations; population; camera; camera trapping; trapping; Chinese |
| Abstract |
This handbook provides an introduction to snow leopard population survey techniques, followed by a detailed account of camera trapping methods.During the 2002 through 2004 winter field seasons, the Snow Leopard Conservancy experimented with infrared camera trapping techniques to define a methodology suitable for the high altitude environment.
In 2001 and 2002, much of our time was spent familiarizing ourselves with various infrared camera traps, their operation and setup, and comparing the effectiveness of different models and sensor types. We placed infrared camera traps along frequently used travel corridors at or near scent-sprayed rocks (rock scents) and scrape sites within 16 km2 sampling cells between January and March in 2003 and 2004. A total of 66 and 49 captures of snow leopards were tallied during 2003 and 2004, resulting in an overall capture success of 8.91 and 5.63 individuals per 100 trap-nights, respectively. Capture probabilities ranged from 0.33 to 0.46. Density estimates ranged from 8.49 ± 0.22 individuals per 100 km2 in 2003 to 4.45 ± 0.16 in 2004, with the disparity between years largely attributed to different trapping densities. Snow leopard abundance estimates were calculated using the computer program CAPTURE. |
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The Snow Leopard Conservancy |
Place of Publication |
Sonoma, California |
Editor |
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Chinese |
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| Notes |
Chinese translation. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 1015 |
Serial |
473 |
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| Author |
Henschel, P.; Ray, J. |
| Title |
Leopards in African Rainforests: Survey and Monitoring Techniques |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
forest leopards; african rainforests; survey; monitoring techniques; lope reserve; gabon; central africa; congo; zaire; field testing; populations; wild meat; relative abundance; density; live-trapping; presence and absense surveys; ad-hoc survey; bushmeat; systematic survey; monitoring; individual identification; tracks; Discriminant Function Analysis; genotyping; scat; Hair; Dna; remote photography; camera trapping; capture rates; Trailmaster; Camtrakker; bait; duikers; pigs; elephant; bongo; okapi; human hunters; 5300 |
| Abstract |
Monitoring Techniques Forest leopards have never been systematically surveyed in African forests, in spite of their potentially vital ecological role as the sole large mammalian predators in these systems. Because leopards are rarely seen in this habitat, and are difficult to survey using the most common techniques for assessing relative abundances of forest mammals, baseline knowledge of leopard ecology and responses to human disturbance in African forests remain largely unknown. This technical handbook sums up the experience gained during a two-year study of leopards by Philipp Henschel in the Lop‚ Reserve in Gabon, Central Africa, in 2001/2002, supplemented by additional experience from carnivore studies conducted by Justina Ray in southwestern Central African Republic and eastern Congo (Zaire) . The main focus of this effort has been to develop a protocol that can be used by fieldworkers across west and central Africa to estimate leopard densities in various forest types. In developing this manual, Henschel tested several indirect methods to assess leopard numbers in both logged and unlogged forests, with the main effort devoted to testing remote photography survey methods developed for tigers by Karanth (e.g., Karanth 1995, Karanth & Nichols 1998; 2000; 2002), and modifying them for the specific conditions characterizing African forest environments. This handbook summarizes the results of the field testing, and provides recommendations for techniques to assess leopard presence/absence, relative abundance, and densities in African forest sites. We briefly review the suitability of various methods for different study objectives and go into particular detail on remote photography survey methodology, adapting previously developed methods and sampling considerations specifically to the African forest environment. Finally, we briefly discuss how camera trapping may be used as a tool to survey other forest mammals. Developing a survey protocol for African leopards is a necessary first step towards a regional assessment and priority setting exercise targeted at forest leopards, similar to those carried out on large carnivores in Asian and South American forests. |
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Wildlife Conservation Society |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 515 |
Serial |
382 |
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| Author |
Khan, A. |
| Title |
Snow Leopard: Integral to Chitral Gol National Park |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
xvi |
Issue |
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Pages |
5 |
| Keywords |
Chitral-Gol; Pakistan; survey; habitat; seasonal-occurence; status; Slims; Islt; feces; pugmarks; browse; 4490 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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| Notes |
Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 437 |
Serial |
529 |
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| Author |
Freeman, H. |
| Title |
What's Happening in Mongolia |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
xiv |
Issue |
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Pages |
1 |
| Keywords |
Macne; Tserendeleg; Incentive-program; surveys; Tost; Monkhstog; conservation; gobi; browse; 4530 |
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Islt |
Place of Publication |
Seattle |
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Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snowline |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 441 |
Serial |
325 |
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| Author |
Jackson, R., Hunter, D.O. |
| Title |
Snow leopard Survey and conservation handbook (First edition) |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-120 |
| Keywords |
CCT, census, conservation, habitat, method, monitoring, prey, snow leopard, survey, Uncia uncia |
| Abstract |
The objectives of this handbook (First edition) are to provide standard procedures for conducting snow leopard status and distribution surveys; suggest uniform methods for assessing the status and relative abundance of large prey species (ungulates such as blue sheep, argali, markhor, Himalayan tahr, urial, ibex, red deer, and roe deer); offer guidance in evaluating habitat quality and identifying the major environmental factors affecting species welfare; and provide standard forms for reporting the results of these field surveys, and a process for feeding information developed by the International Snow Leopard Trust into Snoe Leopard Information Management System (SLIMS). |
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International Snow Leopard Trust |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ |
Serial |
1120 |
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| Author |
Ming, M.; Chundawat R.S.; Jumabay, K.; Wu, Y.; Aizeizi, Q.; Zhu, M.H. |
| Title |
Camera trapping of snow leopards for the photo capture rate and population size in the Muzat Valley of Tianshan Mountains |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Acta Theriologica Sinica |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
52 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
788-793 |
| Keywords |
behavior; camera trapping; capture; China; Chinese; density; feces; fox; ibex; infrared trapping cameras; livestock; photo; population; research; reserve; sign; snow leopard; survey; Tianshan Mountains; Tomur; transect; Uncia uncia; Xinjiang |
| Abstract |
The main purpose of this work was to study the use of infrared trapping cameras to estimate snow leopard Uncia uncia population size in a specific study area. This is the first time a study of this nature has taken place in China. During 71 days of field work, a total of 36 cameras were set up in five different small vales of the Muzat Valley adjacent to the Tomur Nature Reserve in Xinjiang Province, E80ø35' – 81ø00' and N42ø00' – 42ø10', elevation 2'300 – 3'000 m, from 18th October to 27th December 2005. We expended approximately 2094 trap days and nights total (c. 50'256 hours). At least 32 pictures of snow leopards, 22 pictures of other wild species (e.g. chukor, wild pig, ibex, red fox, cape hare) and 72 pictures of livestock were taken by the passive Cam Trakker (CT) train monitor in about 16 points of the Muzat Valley. The movement distance of snow leopard was 3-10 km/day. And the capture rate or photographic rate of snow leopard was 1.53%. Meanwhile, 20 transects were run and 31 feces sample were collected. According to 32 photos, photographic rate and sign survey after snowing on the spot, were about 5-8 individuals of snow leopards in the research area, and the minimum density of snow leopard in Muzat Valley was 2.0 – 3.2 individuals/100 km2. We observed the behavior of ibex for 77.3 hours, and found about 20 groups and a total of approximately 264 ibexes in the research area. |
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In Chinese |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 971 |
Serial |
683 |
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| Author |
Janecka; J.E.; Jackson, R.; Yuquang, Z.; Diqiang, L.; Munkhtsog, B.; Buckley-Beason, V.; Murphy, W.J. |
| Title |
Population monitoring of snow leopards using noninvasive collection of scat samples: a pilot study |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Animal Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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11 |
Issue |
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Pages |
401-411 |
| Keywords |
snow leopard; genetics; scat; noninvasive; survey. |
| Abstract |
The endangered snow leopard Panthera uncia occurs in rugged, high-altitude regions of Central Asia. However, information on the status of this felid is limited in many areas. We conducted a pilot study to optimize molecular markers for the analysis of snow leopard scat samples and to examine the feasibility of using noninvasive genetic methods for monitoring this felid. We designed snow leopard-specific primers for seven microsatellite loci that amplified shorter segments and avoided flanking sequences shared with repetitive elements. By redesigning primers we maximized genotyping success and minimized genotyping errors. In addition, we tested a Y chromosome-marker for sex identification and designed a panel of mitochondrial DNA primers for examining genetic diversity of snow leopards using scat samples. We collected scats believed to be from snow leopards in three separate geographic regions including north-western India, central China and southern Mongolia. We observed snow leopard scats in all three sites despite only brief 2-day surveys in each area. There was a high rate of species misidentification in the field with up to 54% of snow leopard scats misidentified as red fox. The high rate of field misidentification suggests sign surveys incorporating scat likely overestimate snow leopard abundance. The highest ratio of snow leopard scats was observed in Ladakh (India) and South Gobi (Mongolia), where four and five snow leopards were detected, respectively. Our findings describe a species-specific molecular panel for analysis of snow leopard scats, and highlight the efficacy of noninvasive genetic surveys for monitoring snow leopards. These methods enable large-scale noninvasive studies that will provide information critical for conservation of snow leopards. |
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Supplemental information may be found at http:snowleopardnetwork.org/bibliography/JaneckaSupplemental2008.pdf |
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no |
| Call Number |
SLN @ rana @ 883 |
Serial |
488 |
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| Author |
Ming, M.; Baowen, H.; Yu, M.; McCarthy, T. |
| Title |
Survey on Bird Species and Analysis on Bird Diversity in the Central Kunlun Mountains in the Early Winter |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Arid Zone Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
227-232 |
| Keywords |
survey; species; analysis; diversity; central; Kunlun; mountains; mountain; winter |
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no |
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SLN @ rana @ 1098 |
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687 |
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