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Author | Akimushkin I. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard or irbis | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1971 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 210-211 | ||
Keywords | Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; behavior; reproduction.; 5990; Russian | ||||
Abstract | The biology of snow leopard is described in a popular form. Information of distribution, behavior and reproductive biology, etc. is given. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animal kingdom. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 578 | Serial | 48 | ||
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Author | Allabergenov E. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard or ilvirs | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | 1 122 (6. 013) | Issue | Pages | ||
Keywords | Uzbekistan; distribution; habitats; diet; behavior; snow leopard.; 5940; Russian | ||||
Abstract | In Uzbekistan, snow leopard can be found in the Turkistan and Gissar ridges, in the mountains of Zaami, and in the Kurama, Chatkal and Ugam ridges. Here it keeps at up to 3,000 4,000 m above sea level. Snow leopard feeds upon wild ungulates ibex and sheep, and sometimes attacks livestock but never man. A brief information concerning peculiarities of snow leopard biology and behavioral patterns is provided. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | 1986 | Editor | ||
Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full text available in Russian Journal Title: Vecherniy Tashkent Newspaper. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 573 | Serial | 61 | ||
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Author | Ahlborn, G.; Jackson, R.M. | ||||
Title | Marking in Free-Ranging Snow Leopards in West Nepal: A preliminary assesment | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 25-49 | ||
Keywords | Nepal; sign; markings; scrapes; spray; scat; habitat; status; behavior; browse; 1630 | ||||
Abstract | Describes and Quantifies snow leopard marking behaviour, based primarily on sign, gatherd during a four year study in Nepal. Emphasis is on scrapes and spray markings, detailing their frequency of occurence realtive to habitat characteristics and season. Both sexes mark intensively, sign abundance is associated with intensity of use, and sign is concentrated along breaks in terrain. | ||||
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Publisher | Snow Leopard Trust and the Wildlife Institute of India | Place of Publication | India | Editor | H.Freeman |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Shrinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 102 | Serial | 37 | ||
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Author | Ale, S.B., Brown, J.S. | ||||
Title | Prey behavior leads to predator: a case study of the Himalayan tahr and the snow leopard in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 55 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 315-327 |
Keywords | vigilance, fear, behavioral indicator, predator, prey, snow leopard, Himalayan tahr, Mount Everest | ||||
Abstract | Rare, elusive predators offer few sightings, hindering research with small sample sizes and lack of experimentation. While predators may be elusive, their prey are more readily observed. Prey respond to the presence of a predator, and these fear responses may have population- and community-level consequences. Anti-predator behaviors, such as vigilance, allow us to sidestep the difficulty of direct field studies of large predators by studying them indirectly. Here we used a behavioral indicator, the vigilance behavior of the Himalayan tahr, the snow leopard’s main local prey, to reveal the distribution and habitat use of snow leopards in the Mt. Everest region of Nepal. We combined techniques of conventional field biology with concepts of foraging theory to study prey behavior in order to obtain insights into the predator’s ecology. The Himalayan tahr’s vigilance behavior correlates with the distribution of snow leopard signs. Tahr actually led us to six sightings of snow leopards. We conclude that behavioral indicators provided by prey offer a valuable tool for studying and monitoring stealthy and rare carnivores. | ||||
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Publisher | Science from Israel, a division of LPPLtd. | Place of Publication | Israel | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1109 | ||
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Author | Chubykina, H.L., Shilo, R.A. | ||||
Title | A study of diurnal activity rhythms in snow leopards and lynx (Panthera uncia and Felix lynx) at Novosibirsk Zoo | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1981 | Publication | International Zoo Yearbook | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 21 | Issue | Pages | 193-196 | |
Keywords | snow leopard, captivity, activity, behaviors, Novosibirsk Zoo | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1211 | ||
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Author | Hansen, J. | ||||
Title | The snow leopard study, part one | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 7 | ||
Keywords | snow leopard, captivity, Brookfield Zoo, behavior | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1212 | ||
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Author | Freeman, H. | ||||
Title | Breeding and behavior of the snow leopard | Type | Report | ||
Year | 1980 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | snow leopard, captivity, breeding, behavior, Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1239 | ||
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Author | Freeman, H., Braden, K. | ||||
Title | Zoo location as a factopr in the reproductive behavior of captive snow leopards, Uncia uncia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1977 | Publication | Zoological Garten J.F. | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 47 | Issue | 3/4 | Pages | 280-288 |
Keywords | snow leopard, captivity, behavior, breeding, reproduction | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1256 | ||
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Author | Gronberg, E. | ||||
Title | Movement patterns of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) around kills based on GPS location clusters | Type | Report | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | snow leopard, Panthera, Mongolia, Snow Leopard Trust, predator, prey, kill, behavior | ||||
Abstract | Research concerning movement patterns of wild animals has been advancing since GPS technology arrived. But studying the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is still difficult because of the harsh territory it inhabits in Central Asia. This study took place in south Gobi, Mongolia, and aimed to estimate the time spent at kills and the maximum distance away from kills between visits. Snow leopards were monitored with GPS collars that took a location every five or seven hours. Potential kill sites were established by identifying clusters of GPS-locations in ArcGIS and visited in the field for confirmation. ArcGIS was used to calculate the distance between cluster and GPS-locations. I used two buffer zones (100 m and 500 m radius) to define the time snow leopards spent at kills. It was found that snow leopard age and prey category affected time spent at kills and also that snow leopard sex together with prey category affected the maximum distance moved away from kills between visits. Season had no significant effect on either time at kills or distance moved away from kills between visits. Snow leopards spent on average 3.2 days at their kills in the 100 m buffer zone and 3.5 days at their kills in the 500 m buffer zone. Subadults stayed longer at kills than adults and animals of both age categories spent longer time on larger prey. The mean maximum distance moved away from kills between visits was 179 m in the 100 m buffer zone and 252 m in the 500 m buffer zone. Female snow leopards moved further away from kills between visits than male snow leopards. Both the number of days spent on kills and maximum distance moved away from kills between visits increased when kills consisted of more than one animal. This study has provided some basic information on snow leopard behaviors around their kills but also highlights the need to monitor more snow leopards before more solid conclusions can be drawn as this study was based on based on a relatively small sample. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | Master's thesis | |||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ | Serial | 1301 | ||
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Author | Ali, S.M. | ||||
Title | The Cats of India | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Myforest | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 26 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 275-291 |
Keywords | lion; clouded-leopard; cheetah; tiger; leopard; snow-leopard; India; Panthera-leo; Neofelis-nebylosa; Acinonyx-jubatus; Panthera-tigris; Panthera-pardus; Panthera-uncia; behavior; ecology; snow leopard; browse; panthera; uncia; pardus; clouded; leo; neofelis; nebylosa; ancinonyx; jubatus; 820 | ||||
Abstract | Describes the range, behaviour and ecology of lion Panthera leo, tiger P. tigris, leopard P. pardus, snow leopard P. uncia, clouded leopard Neofelis nebylosa and cheetah Acinonyx jubatus. -P.J.Jarvis | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 144 | Serial | 59 | ||
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Author | Ahlborn, G.; Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | Marking in Wild Snow Leopards: A preliminary assesment | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1987 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | No. 13 | Issue | Pages | ||
Keywords | estrus; estrual-cycle; reserach; behavior; scrapes; sprays; Langu-Gorge; Langu; China; browse; 4800 | ||||
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Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Seattle | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Full Text at URLJournal Title: Snow Line | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 467 | Serial | 36 | ||
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Author | Molyukov M.I. | ||||
Title | Irbis | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 74-81 | ||
Keywords | Ussr; snow leopard; distribution; number; diet; behavior.; 7710; Russian | ||||
Abstract | In a popular form it tells about snow leopard, its geographical distribution, behavioral patterns, food, enemies and competitors, hunting behavior, etc. Given are interesting data concerning the number of ibex killed during one hunt in eastern Pamir (25 30 ibexes), cases of snow leopard's attacking bears and so on. Snow leopard rarely preys on livestock, mainly sheep and goats. Young snow leopards are easily tamed. There are about 2,000 snow leopards in the USSR about 1,500 of them are in Kyrgyzstan. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Animals of the Red Data Book of the USSR. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 749 | Serial | 703 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R. | ||||
Title | The Snow Leopard Conservancy, Dedicated to demonstrating innovative, grassroots measures that lead local shepherds to become better stewards of the endangered snow leopard, its prey and habitat | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
Keywords | livestock-depredation; livestock; herders; conflict; Iucn; enclosures; pens; corrals; trap; poison; hunting; behavior; Ladakh; guard-dogs; Dogs; economics; incentives; compensation; depredation; guard; browse; 4060 | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 377 | Serial | 465 | ||
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Author | McCarthy, T.; Munkhtsog, B. | ||||
Title | Preliminary Assessment of Snow Leopard Sign Surveys in Mongolia | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 57-65 | ||
Keywords | Mongolia; Slims; field-survey; scrapes; scrape; spray; marking; habitat; gobi; status; distribution; parks; park; reserves; reserve; refuge; sighn; surveys; survey; Gis; behavior; herder; herders; protected-area; browse; field survey; field; protected; area; 2670 | ||||
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Publisher | Islt | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ahmad |
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Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 320 | Serial | 656 | ||
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Author | Mallon, D.P. | ||||
Title | A Further Report on The Snow Leopard in Ladakh | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 89-97 | ||
Keywords | Ladakh; India; ecology; Protected-area-network; reserves; parks; refuge; habitat; field study; tracking; scrapes; marking; feces; behavior; status; distribution; browse; 1680 | ||||
Abstract | A detailed knowledge of the ecology of a species is fundemental to the drawing up of effective conservation measures. One aim of the current project was to identify good areas of snow leopard habitatand evaluate them for possible inclusion in the Protected Area Network. Several good areas were surveyed and an outstanding area identified, and included in a report to the Chief Wildlife Warden. | ||||
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Publisher | Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India | Place of Publication | India | Editor | H.Freeman |
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Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 118 | Serial | 645 | ||
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Author | Malik, M.M. | ||||
Title | The Current Status of Snow Leopards and Their Prey Status and Conservation of Snow Leopard in Pakistan | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1997 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 11-20 | ||
Keywords | Pakistan; predator; prey; predation; livestock; research; monitoring; park; parks; refuge; Slims; conservation; poaching; hunting; furs; pelts; ecology; behavior; law; laws; education; herder; herders; status; protected-area; browse; protected areas; protected area; area; areas; protected; 2130 | ||||
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Publisher | International Snow Leopard Trust | Place of Publication | Lahore, Pakistan | Editor | R.Jackson; A.Ashiq |
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Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Eighth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Islamabad, PakistanDate of Copyright: 1997 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 318 | Serial | 641 | ||
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Author | Lukarevskiy V.S. | ||||
Title | Peculiarities of communicative behavior of leopard, irbis, lynx, and caracal | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 200 | ||
Keywords | Felidae; communicative behavioral; leopard; snow leopard; Lynx; caracal.; 7600; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It gives the description of communicative behavioral system (visual, olfactory and vocal elements) for two groups of large Felidae species such as leopard-irbis and lynx-caracal. General and specific behavioral regularities are given. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Mammals of Russia and neighbouring countries. Proceedings of the conference. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 738 | Serial | 627 | ||
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Author | Koshkarev, E.P. | ||||
Title | An Unusual Hunt | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Int.Ped.Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 5 | Issue | Pages | 9-12 | |
Keywords | Tien-Shan; tracking; feces; ibex; hunting; predator; prey; browse; behavior; 940 | ||||
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Notes | Full text available at URLTien Shan High Mountain Physical Geography Staion, Kirghizian Academy of Sciences (Pokrovka) USSRDocument Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 402 | Serial | 571 | ||
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Author | Koshkarev, E.P. | ||||
Title | Characteristics of snow leopard (Uncia uncia) movements in the Tien Shan | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1984 | Publication | International Pedigree Book of Snow Leopards | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 4 | Issue | Pages | 15-21 | |
Keywords | Tien-Shan; Russia; Soviet-Union; Ussr; behavior; habitat; tracks; tracking; prey; predator; ibex; kills; browse; tien shan; soviet union; soviet; union; 2750 | ||||
Abstract | Reports on a 3 yr winter study of snow leopard movements and activity, based on following tracks in the snow in Tien Shan Mountains of USSR. Travel route preference is examined with regard to snow and terrain characteristics, and prey abundance. Snow leopard kills of ibex and hare are noted | ||||
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Notes | Full text available at URL | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 403 | Serial | 570 | ||
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Author | Koshkarev, E. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard along the border of Russia and Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1998 | Publication | Cat News | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 28 | Issue | Pages | 12-14 | |
Keywords | behavior; census; survey methods; desert-habitat; distribution; ecosystems; endangered; threatened species; home-range; territory; mammals; montane; Russia; Mongolia; scat-analysis; tracks; tracking; status; Hovsogul; Sayan; siberia; Hovsogol; browse; survey; methods; desert; habitat; threatened; species; home; range; scat; analysis; 550 | ||||
Abstract | The author discusses the distribution of snow leopards along the border of Russia and Mongolia. The range extension of the leopard indicates their ability to cross desert areas that separate mountain habitats.habitat; range extension; scat analysis; techniques; tracks/tracking | snow leopard | ||||
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Notes | Full Text at URL: Inst. Biol., Irkutsk Univ., Russia , data base: Wildlife Review AbstractsDocument Type: English | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 339 | Serial | 565 | ||
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Author | Koshkarev E.P. | ||||
Title | Snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan. The structure of habitat, ecology, protection | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 100 p. | ||
Keywords | Kyzgyzstan; snow leopard; life-history; distribution; habitats; number; diet; behavior; conservation measures.; 7240; Russian | ||||
Abstract | Habitat, status of population, geographical distribution, number, and ecology of snow leopard in Tien Shan are analyzed based on original realistic material collected 1981 through 1988.Information about irbis in the `foreign' part of its habitat is given for comparison. The reasons for snow leopard habitat shrinkage in Central Asia and Kazakhstan for over 100 years are assessed. Status of ungulate populations snow leopard prey on is given. The predator's behavioral pattern and condition in enclosure are given consideration. Protection measures are proposed. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in Russian | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 702 | Serial | 558 | ||
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Author | Korytin S.A. | ||||
Title | Animal's behavior near attractions. Animal's reaction to chasing with dogs. Animal behavior and traps | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 49-51 | ||
Keywords | Cats; behavior; snow leopard.; 7300; Russian | ||||
Abstract | It describes trophic behavior of the cat family species (lion, tiger, leopard, snow leopard, cheetah, caracal, reed cat, wild cat and domestic cat), their reaction to dog-chasing and behavioral patterns when trapped. Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) sometime eat dead animals. After killing the prey they take it away. Irbis eats the carcass, half-risen on front limbs, beginning from the chest and front limbs or lower part of belly, usually not touching intestines. It eats slowly and spends a lot of time near the carcass and returns to the carcass several times. Known are cases that two snow leopards, or a snow leopard and wolf eating the prey together. Snow leopard usually keeps birds off the carcass. If a man approaches snow leopard normally goes away, sometimes putting up with his close presence. Escaping from dogs, snow leopard was seen to plunge into the river. When trapped, snow leopard rather easily surrenders to man. | ||||
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Notes | Full text available in RussianJournal Title: Habits of wild animals. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 708 | Serial | 551 | ||
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Author | Jackson, R.M.; Ahlborn, G. | ||||
Title | Observations on the Ecology of Snow Leopard in West Nepal | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 65-87 | ||
Keywords | Nepal; field study; predator; prey; home-range; habitat; tracking; trapping; radio-collars; behavior; activity; patterns; sign; scrapes; feces; marking; markings; browse; home range; home; range; radio; collar; radio collar; collars; radio collars; research; 1670 | ||||
Abstract | This summary of a four year field study by Jackson and Ahlborn begging in 1982 and concluding in 1985, discusses behaviour, trapping and tracking techniques, home range, activity patterns, prey and habitat and survey methods. | ||||
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Publisher | Snow Leopard Trust and Wildlife Institute of India | Place of Publication | India | Editor | H.Freeman |
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Notes | Full Text at URLTitle, Monographic: Fifth International Snow Leopard SymposiumPlace of Meeting: Srinagar, IndiaDate of Copyright: 1988 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 117 | Serial | 478 | ||
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Author | Thapa, K., Rayamajhi, S. | ||||
Title | Anti-predator strategies of blue sheep (naur) under varied predator compositions: a comparison of snow leopard-inhabited valleys with and without wolves in Nepal | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2023 | Publication | Wildlife Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-9 | ||
Keywords | Annapurna conservation area, antipredator behavior, blue sheep (Naur), predation, prey predator traits, snow leopard, trade-off, wolf. | ||||
Abstract | In Nepal, naur are usually the staple wild prey for the snow leopard, a solitary stalker hunter, and in some cases, for the wolf who hunts in a pack. We assumed that naur would adapt their anti-predatory responses to the presence of chasing and ambushing predators in the Manang Valley, where there are snow leopards and wolves, and in the Nar Phu valley, an area where there is only the snow leopard. Aims. The aim of this study was to determine if there were differences in anti-predator strategies (vigilance, habitat selection and escape terrain) of naur in two valleys over two seasons, spring and autumn. Methods. In spring 2019, we conducted a reconnaissance survey on the status of the naur and its habitat in the Manang and Nar Phu valleys of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. In spring and autumn 2020 and 2021, we observed 360 focal naur individuals (180 individuals in each valley), using the vigilance behaviour methodology to examine the behaviour of the naur. Key results. There was little difference in the size of the naur groups between the Manang and Nar Phu valleys. The naur were twice as vigilant in Manang (15%), where there are snow leopards and wolves, as they were in Nar Phu (9%), with only snow leopards. The distance from the naur to escape cover was significantly shorter in Manang than in Nar Phu valley. Naur used significantly more rolling terrain in Nar Phu than in Manang. Conclusions. The return of wolves to the Manang valley may have resulted in an increase in the level of naur vigilance. Most likely, the wolves in Manang have already had an effect on the female-to-young-ratio, and this effect will possibly have important consequences for the naur population, as well as at the ecosystem level in the future. Other key determining factors, such as the climate crisis and changes in local resources, could have a significant impact on the naur population, indicating the need for more research. Implications. The findings of this study would provide valuable baseline information for the design of a science-based conservation strategy for conservation managers and scientists on naur, snow leopards and wolves. |
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Call Number | SLN @ rakhee @ | Serial | 1732 | ||
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Author | Nolte-Wilson, B. | ||||
Title | Soveriegn of menaced realm: the snow leopard | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1990 | Publication | Natura WWF-Pakistan Newsletter | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 3-9 |
Keywords | Pakistan; browse; behavior; Chitrol-Gol; baiting; spays; pug; scrapes; habitat; 3130 | ||||
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Call Number | SLN @ rana @ 171 | Serial | 723 | ||
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